Imvamisa, i-nostalgia ibhekwa njengomuzwa oqinile wokulangazelela noma ukunamathiselwa esikhathini esedlule. Noma ngabe izinkumbulo zezingane, ingoma noma iphunga ... nostalgia kuyingxenye ebalulekile yempilo yabantu abaningi. Noma kunjalo, iningi labantu aliqondi kahle ukuthi liyini nokuthi kungani kwenzeka. Ngakho-ke, sinikeza amaqiniso ayi-10 mayelana ne-nostalgia ezosiza ukuphendula imibuzo eminingi.
1. Akukona ukukhumbula nje
Iningi labantu libheka i-nostalgia ukuxhumana nezinkumbulo ezinhle zangesikhathi esedlule. Kodwa-ke, ososayensi bathi i-nostalgia ayifani kancane ngezikhumbuzo ngokwazo. Empeleni kuhlotshaniswa nezizwe ezingokomzwelo, hhayi izinkumbulo. Umqondo womuntu uxhuma imizwa ehlukahlukene kusuka ezikhathini zezikhathi nezindawo ezivela kwangesikhathi esedlule, okukwenza uphuthelwe lokhu okwenzeka esikhathini esedlule. Isibonelo, kwesinye isikhathi ngikhumbula ukuthi badlale kanjani ebuntwaneni epaki. Yize ingane empeleni ingathola imizwa eminingi emibi kulolu hambo iye epaki, ingqondo izovimba konke okubi, ishiye izinkumbulo ezimnandi zalokhu. Imicabango ngokwayo iyisisekelo sokuthi ingqondo ingayisebenzisa ukuxhumana nemizwa. Kepha ingqondo ayiwona umthombo othembekile njengoba kungenzeka. Ushintsha izinkumbulo zethu ngendlela yokuthi sinomuzwa wokuthi okwamanje akukaze kufane nakwokuqala.2. Phambilini, uNostalgia wabhekwa njengesifo
Yize uNostalgia ethathwa njengomuzwa ojwayelekile, konke kwakukubi kakhulu esikhathini esedlule. Leli gama lethulwa ngo-1688 ngudokotela waseSwitzerland uJohannes Hofer. Esiphethweni sezokwelapha, wabhala ukuthi i-nostalgia iyisifo esibulalayo. Ngisho nangaphambi kwalokho, uNostalgia wahlotshaniswa namasosha aseSwitzerland ahlushwa kalula lesi sifo. Eqinisweni, ingoma yaseSwitzerland ibizwa nge- "khue-reyen" yabangela ukuqina kwe-nostalgia ukuthi yavinjelwa phansi kwesaziso sentambo. Ngemuva kombiko oshibhile njengamakhowe ngemuva kokuba imvula iqale ukuvela imibono yokuthi ungalapha kanjani i-nostalgia. Lokho kuphela akusebenzanga - ama-Leeches, ukuhlanzwa kwesisu nezinye izinqubo ezimbi kakhulu. Ngemuva kwempi yombango, udokotela wamasosha waseMelika uTheodore Calhoon waze wanikeza ukusatshiswa njengesixazululo senkinga. Wayekholelwa ukuthi amasosha ahlushwa yi-nostalgia ayebuthakathaka, nokuthi kwakudingeka abe nje.
3. Izinzuzo zezempilo
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isimo sengqondo se-nostalgia seke sathuthuka. Okwamanje kukholelwa ukuthi inemiphumela eminingi emihle ye-psyche. Uprofesa wezengqondo uChristine Batcho uthole ukuthi i-nostalgia ingakhuphula amandla nobuciko. Umuzwa opholile we-nostalgia unganciphisa nengcindezi. I-Nostalgia ingasiza nokusiza ekucindezelekeni, ngoba izinkumbulo zingavimba umuzwa wesizungu nokukhathazeka. Futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, i-nostalgia ibuye isize ukuqinisa amakhono ezenhlalo kanye nobudlelwano bomuntu siqu.4. Ithinta ukuthatha izinqumo
Yize i-nostalgia ingahle ibonakale ingaphezu komuzwa ongaziwa othuthukisa isimo somoya, empeleni ithinta kakhulu inqubo yokwenza izinqumo. Ukucabanga ngezinkumbulo ezijabulisayo zangesikhathi esedlule, abantu bafuna ukukhiqiza kabusha lezi zinkumbulo okwamanje. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungenxa yezinkinga ezithile. Njengoba i-nostalgia iyinguqulo "ethuthukisiwe" yesikhathi esedlule, zonke izinto ezimbi zaleso sikhathi ziyanqatshwa zithande umuzwa oqinile wokulangazelela. Lokhu kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi abantu baphinda imikhuba emihle, ngoba benza bazizwe bejabule. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungaholela nasekuqubukeni kwemikhuba emibi. Kungakho izingane eziningi ezakhulela emindenini ebincishwe amathuba, khona-ke ngokwazo zihlanganiswa nomshado onendoda "engathandeki". Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi bayabona ukuthi kubi, abantu ngokuhlukahluka banikeza izinto ezisikhumbuza isikhathi sangesikhathi esedlule, kuhle noma kubi.
5. Iphunga lingamandla okushayela we-nostalgia
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi i-nostalgia ingabangelwa kuphela ngezinto ezijwayelekile, njengokulalela iculo elidala noma elivakashele indawo ekhumbuza ubuntwana. Eqinisweni, umuzwa wokuhogela ubaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwe-nostalgia kunanoma yimuphi omunye umuzwa. Ubudlelwano phakathi kwephunga nemizwa kwasungulwa ekuqaleni kweminyaka yo-1900s i-neurolologist Sigmund Freud. Ikhala lixhumene nesabelo se-olifactory, ingxenye yobuchopho, edlala indima ekuveleni kwemizwelo. Ngenxa yalokho, iphunga lingaba nomthelela oqinile emizweni kunanoma yimuphi omunye umuzwa. Le nto eyaziwa ngokuthi yi-Preve Pomen yisizathu sokuthi amabhakeries asakaze ngokukhethekile iphunga lesinkwa esisanda kubhakwa, ngoba livame ukudala umuzwa oqinile we-nostalgia namabutho aphansi "ukuyothenga isinkwa.6. Ithinta izizukulwane ezahlukene ngezindlela ezihlukile.
Ngo-1991, abacwaningi baqhuba isivivinyo sokubamba iqhaza kwabahlanganyeli abakhethwe ngokungakhethi endaweni yokuthenga yamanzi eChicago. Injongo bekuwukunquma ukuthi i-nostalgia ithinta kanjani abantu beminyaka ehlukene. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, abantu abangama-989 abaxoxisane na ukuthi yikuphi ukunambitheka okubakhumbuza ubuntwana. Kwavela ukuthi cishe amaphesenti angama-87 ezihloko azalwa ngo-1930 noma kamuva ayenezibonakaliso zenkumbulo ye-oloriory, ngaleso sikhathi, phakathi kwalabo abazalwa kuze kube ngu-1930, ngamaphesenti angama-61 kuphela. Lezo. Intsha ivame ukuzwa imizwa engathe xaxa ebangelwa iphunga kunabantu asebekhulile.
Kunengqondo, ngoba iphunga lomuntu livame ukubanda ngeminyaka. Umehluko othakazelisa ngokwengeziwe phakathi kwezimpendulo zabantu asebekhulile nentsha. Izihloko, azelwe kuze kube ngu-1930, zivame ukusho ukuthi lokho kunuka, njengephayini, oki kanye ne-meadow herbs, kubangela umuzwa we-nostalgia. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, labo abazalwa ngo-1930 noma kamuva bathi banephunga lezinto ezinjengepulasitiki, izindiza nezimpawu zotshwala. Le miphumela iphakamisa ukuthi abantu asebekhulile bangama-nostalgic ngokunambitheka kwemvelo, kanti abantu abasha bethola i-nostalgia ngephunga lokufakelwa.
7. Lokhu kungenzeka hhayi kuphela ngezinkumbulo zesikhathi esedlule
Abantu bangathola ne-nostalgia ezintweni ezenzeka njengamanje. Le nto eyaziwa ngokuthi "Proactive Nostalgia" kwenzeka lapho umuntu eqala ukuzizwa egcotshwe ngamaphuzu athile kusukela manje, ngaphambi kokuba anyamalale ngokuzayo. Le nguqulo ye-nostalgia inemiphumela eminingi engemihle engqondweni. Impilo okwamanje ivame ukuhlotshaniswa nezici ezinjalo njengokuncipha kwengcindezi kanye nezimo ezinhle ezingokomzwelo. Kodwa-ke, uma kwenzeka kuba ne-nostalgia esebenzayo, siphuma kulesi samanje, siphila ngenguqulo yamanga yesikhathi esizayo futhi silangazelela okwedlule. Lokhu kuholela ekuwohlokeni kobudlelwano kanye namakhono ezenhlalo.8. Ukukhula okusheshayo kwenzalo yomphakathi
Eminyakeni eyishumi edlule, i-nostalgia yabaluleka kakhulu emphakathini, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yesazi sezengqondo egama linguKonstantin Sedegides. Wazizwa engena-nostalgia ngemuva kokusuka eNorth Carolina eya eNgilandi, kodwa ngokushesha wathola ukuthi uNostalgia umenza azizwe ejabule futhi enethemba ngekusasa lakhe. Iphefumule isazi sezengqondo ukuze siphinde sifundelwe i-nostalgia, futhi ngokushesha nje eminye amanyuvesi yaqala ukwenza okufanayo. I-Nostalgia isibe yindawo entsha yokufunda yangochwepheshe bezengqondo, futhi amakhulu ezindatshana zesayensi emhlabeni wonke abhala ngayo. Okwamanje ukuqinisekisile ukuthi i-nostalgia inomthelela kubantu bamazwe ayi-18 emazwenikazi amahlanu.
9. Lo muzwa ungasetshenziselwa okuhle
Njengoba inani lezifundo ze-nostalgia liyakhuphuka, ososayensi baqala ukusebenza ekusebenziseni imizwa emihle ethathwe ku-nostalgia yokwelashwa kweqembu. Isibonelo, ngesifo se-Alzheimer's kanye nokudangala, namuhla kungasiza ekwelashweni okusekelwe kwi-nostalgia. UTim Wildshut, umlingani wezazi zezengqondo konstantin sedeides, ukholelwa ukuthi i-nostalgia ingasetshenziswa ukuze kusiza izisulu zemicimbi ethile embi kakhulu ekulimaleni kokuziphatha. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, kwatholakala ukuthi imizwa emibi ebangelwa izinkumbulo zaholela ebudlelwaneni obuthuthukisiwe kubantu abanokukhuluphala ngokweqile. Umphumela ofanayo waqoshwa endabeni yabantu abakhubazekile.
10. Kepha futhi ingasetshenziselwa okubi
Ngaphandle kwakho konke okuhle okungekuphambana okuthi i-nostalgia engaletha, nayo ingasetshenziselwa ukukhohlisa abantu. Njengoba nje iphunga lesinkwa esisha esitolo lingakhuthaza abantu ukuthi bathenge isinkwa, i-nostalgia isetshenziswa emakethe yansuku zonke. Iminyaka eminingi, abakhangisi baphenya ukuthi bakhangisa kanjani kangcono izimpahla zeMillenialov (abantu abazalwa ngemuva kuka-2000). Ekugcineni baphetha ngokuthi i-nostalgia iyiqhinga elisebenza kahle kakhulu. Kusetshenziswa izinto kusukela ebuntwaneni beMillenielov ukukhuthaza imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene, izinkampani zizama ukwenza abantu bazizwe benamathele kungokomzwelo kukho konke okukhangiswa ngokuletha ukuyithenga.
Kungakho mikhiqizo eminingi kangaka yezingubo ikhiqiza imikhiqizo ngokukhuthaza ama-90s, nokuthi kungani ukwakheka kwakudala kusetshenziswa kuma-logo amaningi afakiwe. Yize kungenjalo kubi, le ndlela iyindlela yokukhohlisa abathengi, ebhekisa emizweni yabo yokungaqondakali. I-nostalgia nayo ingasetshenziswa ukukhuthaza isimo esihle sengqondo kwabancane.