Ikhulu le-XXI lidlula ngaphansi kophawu lokukhangisa. Waba konke kakhulu ukuthi namuhla kukholwa kalula ukuthi kwakukhona isikhathi lapho kwakungesikhulu kangako. Isibonelo sokuqala sokukhangisa namuhla siseMnyuziyamu waseBrithani eLondon - lesi yi-papyrus evela eGibhithe lasendulo, futhi sibe ngokuqondile, ukusuka edolobheni lokuphuka.
Ukuqondisa umbhalo kule papys ngeminyaka eyizinkulungwane eziningana, izazi-mlando, ukumangala kwazo, zithole umlando wakudala ophathelene nengxabano phakathi komqashi kanye nomqashi.
Izikhathi zesikwele ngamabhodi akhanyisiwe kanye nezivakashi emigwaqweni
Umbhalo uthi umthengisi othile wezicubu ogama lakhe linguHapu ulungele ukuhlinzeka umklomelo ngegolide kumuntu okwazisa indawo ye-uIma yesiza segqila futhi uzokubuyisela esitolo.
Kepha lokhu akukude nokuthakazelisa kakhulu. Ngokusobala, sekuvele ukuthi eGibhithe lasendulo yayazi ukumaketha. Ekupheleni kwesikhangiso sakhe, i-hap ayikhohlwa ukwengeza: "... esitolo, lapho izindwangu ezinhle kakhulu zinambitha khona umuntu."
Idolobha elikhulu laseFiva
Ukunakekela inhlala-kahle yomuntu siqu yezigqila bekukude kakhulu nembangela yokumenyezelwa yesimemezelo, ngoba umthengi ongaba khona akakwazi ukubizwa ngesimemezelo sakhe, kepha onqenqemeni wamehlo akhe uzokuthola lokho endaweni ethile Ama-Philase athengisa indwangu emile ngempela.
Kukholakala ukuthi inkathi yamaphiramidi noFaro baqala ngasikhathi sinye nokuvela kokukhangisa. Futhi bekungenjalo nakancane lokho "okulahlwayo", okubona abantu namuhla. Ngaleso sikhathi, imilayezo yokukhangisa ayizange ilobe kuphela ku-papyrus, kodwa futhi yasikwa ezindongeni ngisho nezimpawu zensimbi. Lapha, impela, lesi sithombe sokukhangisa besingagqokile.
Izimpawu ezidumile kakhulu zesiko laseGibhithe
Kodwa-ke, akubona bonke ososayensi ababheka lesi sibonelo izikhangiso ezindala ezindala. Isibonelo, isazi se-anthropologist Alan Alan a Alan a Alan a Alon A AMES sikholelwa ukuthi ukutholakala okuvela eMesopotamiya yasendulo kungaba mdala kakhulu kunokuvela ku-FIV.
U-Ames wathola uphawu ngesithombe senqwaba yowesifazane ophethe i-jug ngento ethile. Eduze kwesithombe (ngokusho kwe-anthropologist), iminonjana yalo mbhalo iyabonakala: "UPey Elbea, ubhiya ngenhliziyo yengonyama." Kepha lokhu kungumbono we-AMES kuphela. Ngaphezu kwencazelo yesazi, abukho ubufakazi obuhle ukusekela isitatimende sakhe.
Sign Mesopotamian ngesithombe seTapputo Belaktyllll
Manje sizohamba ngesikhathi eRoma yasendulo. Ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe okubuhlungu, iPompeii yayiyi "yisithombo" sangempela sokukhangisa kwasendulo.
Izikhala zasendaweni zase-Edil kanye neDuumvirov zazifunwa ngokucacile, ngoba izimemezelo zokhetho zadonswa ezindongeni kuwo wonke ama-pompeys. Lezi kwakuyizikhundla ezimantshi ezibhekele eziningi ezibangela izikhungo zomphakathi nomthetho kanye nokuhleleka.
EPompeii, kwakukhona nezikhangiso eziningi zezifebe kanye nama-brothels. Abanikazi bezikhungo ezinjalo bathumele izithombe zabantu ezenza uthando ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene ukuze amakhasimende akwazi ukunquma abakufunayo ezinkonzweni ezinikezwayo.
I-Roman Fresco enesigameko sedili (isicucu) esivela endlini yabathandi be-Chastity (Casa Dei Caadi Amanti) ePompei
AmaRoma ayengekho kuwo wonke amaGua, futhi lokhu kuyabonakala ngokuphelele, ngokwesibonelo, ngokusho kokukhangiswa kweLupanarium ("Wolf Logov") - "I-Brothel eyakhiwe ngokukhethekile ... lapho kwakukhona amagumbi ayi-10 ezivakashi." Izindonga zakhe zenziwa yi-graffiti ngokuthi "zonke izinhlobo zezilwane ezingatholakala ngaphakathi."
Kepha akukhona konke ukukhangisa kwasendulo okwakuyichilo. Njengesibonelo, ungaletha ubuciko be-Classical of Greece yasendulo. Imvamisa, uma uMbumbi edume kakhulu, wabeka ukubandlulula imikhiqizo yakhe, empeleni kubo bazibhalele. Kepha abanye bebengayeki kulokhu futhi benza kuma-ceramics wemibhalo efana ne- "vase, engcono kunangaphambili engenza i-euphronium."
Namuhla, umcabango onjalo uzoba lula kakhulu ukusakaza ngokusebenzisa amanethiwekhi omphakathi, kepha izinkulungwane zeminyaka edlule kube nezinketho eziningi kakhulu, "izikhangiso" ezinjalo ezingajwayelekile zavela. Kunoma ikuphi, ngoba abantu beza nokukhangisa, yena wayesebanye wamabutho anamandla emlandweni wesintu.