Kuwo wonke umlando, abantu babevame ukushintsha ubunikazi babo ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene. Iningi labesifazane banquma ukufihla ngaphansi kwamadoda ukuba baphumelele ezimpini noma emsebenzini. Bazuze izinhloso ezinkulu, kwesinye isikhathi bashintshe, kwezinye izimo besebenzisa i-pseudonym noma bazikhipha ngokuphelele kumuntu isikhathi eside baze bathola izinhloso zabo. Lokhu, futhi, kwakuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nengozi enkulu.
1. URena "ukhule" eCananog
Ngo-1959, uKananoga wabamba iqhaza eYMCA Championship eJudiya, eNew York. Uxongwe kafushane izinwele, wadonsa isifuba kwiribhoni eliqinile ngaphansi kweKimono wathumela ukunqoba. Kodwa-ke, lapho ophumelele efika ezolanda indondo yakhe, umgqugquzeli walo mqhudelwano wabuza ukuthi angayizisho yini. Lapho uRena ephendula ngokuthi "Yebo," waphucwa indondo enqobayo. Kamuva nje uKananoga wathi: "Kwangibangela ukuthi angazi ukuthi angisenalo umfazi ongashadile ukuba adlule njengawona athi" futhi aqale ngawo wonke amaqiniso futhi awelulo ukufuna umdlalo wama-Olimpiki ukuba abe ngumdlalo wama-Olimpiki. Ngo-1984, iphupho lakhe lacishe lagcwaliseka eLos Angeles Olimpiki, lapho i-Judo yabesifazane iba ngumdlalo wokubukisa.
Ngo-1988, lapho kugcinwe imidlalo yasehlobo yama-Olimpiki eSouth Korean Seoul, ekugcineni yathola isimo somdlalo wama-Olimpiki. Umama obhekwa njengowesilisa kaJuda wasensikazi, uKananogi wafa ngenxa yezinkinga zomdlavuza eneminyaka engama-74 ngonyaka ka-2009. Ngonyaka owedlule, uhulumeni waseJapan wakunikeza ukuhleleka kwelanga eliphumayo, umklomelo ophakeme kakhulu waseJapan for wakwelinye izwe.
2. odade bronte
Odadewethu uCharlotte, u-Emily no-Ann Bronte bashicilelwe ngo-1846 iqoqo lezinkondlo ngaphansi kompheki we-pseudonyms mane, e-Ellis kanye ne-Eton Bell, kepha iqoqo alitholanga ukuthandwa. Ngonyaka olandelayo, baqala ukubhala prose. U-Emily ngaphansi kwe-pseudonyl ellis Bellis eshicilele inoveli "i-thundlarstrest pass", uCharlotte ngaphansi kwe-pseudonym carter bell eshicilelwe "Jane Eir", no-Ann ngaphansi kwe-pseudonym ton bell wabhala "u-Agnes Grey".
Esingenisweni sokushicilelwa kwama-wauthering ukuphakama ngo-1910 (kushicilelwe ngokusobala ngemuva kokushona kuka-Emily ngo-1848) UCharlotte wachaza ukuthi kungani odade benquma ukubhala ngaphansi kwamagama amaduna. Uthe: "Besingafuni ukuzinikela nabesifazane, ngoba isitayela sokubhala nokucabanga kwethu kwakusobala akukujwayele ukubheka" kwabesifazane. " Ngakho-ke, sasicabanga ukuthi sizophathwa ngobandlululo. " Lapho sesithole ukubuyekezwa okukhulu kwabagxeki ngomsebenzi wabo, odadewethu baqala ukushicilelwa ngaphansi kwamagama abo futhi bangene emlandweni waphakade.
3. UJeanne D'ARK
UZhanna D'ARK (yena "UVirgo" wabhekwa njengobuqhawe, yize eneminyaka engu-19 ubudala ephila (kusukela ngo-1412 kuya ku-1431). Intombazane eyazalelwa emndenini wasemncane enyakatho-mpumalanga yeFrance, yakholelwa ukuthi uNkulunkulu uye wamyalela umsebenzi wokusindisa iFrance ezitheni zakhe nokuthi uKarl VII kufanele abe yinkosi esemthethweni. Lapho eneminyaka engu-16, washintsha waba yinsizwa waya eShinon kanye neqembu elincane labalandeli bayo. Ukwazile ukukholisa uKarl VII ukuthi wayeyisithunywa sikaNkulunkulu, nokuthi wayenombono mayelana neqiniso lokuthi uKarl kufanele abe ngumbusi weFrance.
Ngokuphikisana nezincomo zabeluleki bawo, uKarl VII wanikeza uZhanna ibutho aholele ekulweni. Ngo-1430, lapho intombazane ifika ekusindisweni kokuhlanganiswa okuhlanganisiwe, wadutshulwa ehhashini wathwebula iBurgundy. UJoan wabekwa icala ngezindatshana ezingama-70, okubandakanya ukugqoka owesilisa nobuthakathi, emva kwalokho wakushisa ngomlilo.
4. U-Anna Maria Lane
Ngo-1776, u-Anna Maria walala waya enkonzweni yezwekazi. Yize, njengomthetho, abesifazane baya empini njengabapheki, abahlengikazi noma elondolo, u-Ana wayefuna ukuba yisosha ukuba lilwe nomyeni wakhe uJohane, ngakho-ke washintsha waba ngumuntu. Eqinisweni, fihla lokho angowesifazane kwakulula impela, njengoba amasosha ekhulu le-XVIII ayevame ukugeza alala emfanisweni wawo.
Isazi-mlando Joyce Henry siphikisana nokuthi ngekhulu le-XVIII kwakungezona izivivinyo zokwelashwa lapho zingena ebuthweni. Kusolwa ukuthi "okuwukuphela kwento oyidingayo ukuba namazinyo angaphambili, kanye neminwe emikhulu nenkomba ukuze ama-musket angakhokhiswa." Ngesikhathi sempi yejermantown ngaphansi kwePhiladelphia ngo-1777, uLane walimala, kodwa wasinda. Akwaziwa ngenkathi edalulwa (cishe kakhulu ngemuva kokulimala), kepha uLane waqhubeka nokulwa eduze nomyeni wakhe kuyo yonke impi. Ngesibindi sakhe, owesifazana wamiswa njengendlu yezivakashi ngenani lama- $ 100 ngonyaka.
5. UDeborah Sampon
UDebora Sammpon waba nguyena kuphela wesifazane owathola umhlalaphansi ogcwele wamasosha ngokulwa ngesikhathi seMpi yaseMelika yenkululeko yokuzibusa. Uthisha wangaphambili wanikeza indoda egama linguRobert Schertleff yangena empini ngo-1782. Ngesikhathi senkonzo, wayala ama-Incantrymen angama-30, wathumba ngempumelelo abantu abayi-15, emba imisele futhi wasinda ngaphansi komlilo we-artillery. Cishe iminyaka emibili, akekho owabona ukuthi ungowesifazane ngenkathi uDeborah engaguli futhi akazange amlethe esibhedlela azizi lutho. Ngo-1783, wasula esikhundleni sodumo, okwathi ngemuva kwalokho wahamba ezweni lonke ngezinkulumo.
6. Joanna Jubr.
UPolyashka-Sergeant Joanna Jubr wafihla ubunikazi bakhe kumasosha alwa eduze kwakhe ezimpini zamaNapoleonic. Ngo-1808, uJubr wafakwa empini kanye nomyeni wakhe mazez Jubrome. Ekugcineni, kwakhuliswa ku-Sergeant. Ingxenye yabo yaphinde yaqanjwa kabusha ngengxenye enkulu futhi yabamba iqhaza ekuhlaselweni nguNapoleon eya eRussia.
Ngesikhathi sokubuyela emuva, lona wesifazane walwa ehlukanisweni, kodwa wakwazi ukushiya insimu yaseRussia futhi abuyele ePoland. UJoanna wamthola umyeni wakhe, kepha abakwazanga ukubuyela ezweni lakubo abahlala e-Austria naseRussia, bahlala eVelori, lapho babehlala khona kuze kube sekupheleni kwezinsuku zabo. Waba ngowesifazane wokuqala owathola i-oda le-Virtuti Militari yokuhlangana kwamasosha avelele, kanye nowesifazane wokuqala emlandweni owathola umklomelo wesibindi empini. Ngo-1852, washona phakathi nekholera yobhubhane eneminyaka engaba ngu-80.
7. Maria Chiteria de Gesus
Ngo-1822, ukuhaba kukaMaria kwaphela ngaphandle kwendlu ukujoyina amabutho aseBrazil. Wayemazi izinwele zakhe, egqoke izembatho zabantu futhi wahlala ngokuphepha enyangeni emasontweni ama-2 waze wawathola uyise lapho. Naphezu kwesiyalo sikaYise, wehluleka ukuthatha uMariya ebuthweni lempi, ngoba uMajor Jose Antonio Da Silva, owashaywa amakhono entombazane empini ngokuzivikela kwakhe.
Kusukela ngo-Okthoba 1822 kuya kuJuni 1823, uMaria Overt wahlanganyela ezimpini ezahlukahlukene futhi waduma lapho eholela ekuhlaselweni kwezitha, amaPutukezi amaningana athatha ukudingiswa. Ngo-Agasti 1823, uMbusi uPedro ngamsalela isihloko sikaLieutenant, owayengazwakali umklomelo wowesifazane. Ngo-1953, eminyakeni eyikhulu ngemuva kokushona kwakhe, uhulumeni waseBrazil wazilengisa odongeni lwendlunkulu yakhe yezempi. Imidwebo yobubanzi bukaMariya, ememezela i-heroine yakhe kazwelonke.
8. UJames Barry
Udokotela ohlinzayo wezempi uJames Barry wasebenza njengomhloli ojwayelekile ebuthweni laseBrithani. Wayephethe izibhedlela zamasosha futhi waziwa ngeqiniso lokuthi wathuthukisa kakhulu izimo ezigulini ngesikhathi somsebenzi wakhe. UBarry futhi wayengudokotela wokuqala ohlinzayo eNingizimu Afrika, owenza ingxenye yesigaba saseKhesariya, lapho umama nengane basinda khona.
Eqinisweni, uJames kwakunguMargaret Ann Balkley, kodwa watholakala kuphela ngemuva kokushona kwakhe ngo-1865. Lapho inceku ibilungiselela umzimba udokotela ohlinzayo emngcwabeni, yathola ukuthi lo bekungowesifazane. Amabutho aseBrithani ashaqekile kangangokuba uBarry uvimbele ukufinyelela kuyo yonke imibhalo, kuze kube yilapho le ndaba ivulwa isazi-mlando u-Isabel Rey ngawo-1950.
9. Joan Rowling
Umlobi wezincwadi ngoHarry Potter Joan Rowling wathi wanquma ukushiya igama lakhe ezincwadini ezikhuluma ngeBobs-Wizard, ukuheha kangcono ukunakwa kwezithameli ezincane zabesilisa. UHarry Potter waba yincwadi ethengiswa kakhulu emlandweni, eyayihunyushelwa ezilimini ezingaphezu kuka-60. Ngo-2013, i-rowling yanquma ukushintsha i-pseudonym ngowesilisa (Robert galreit) yenoveli yakhe yobugebengu "inkomo ekhona". Ngubani ofihlekile ebuntwini bakaGalbryt, wahlala eyimfihlakalo isikhathi eside, ngoba ngamunye wabameli bakhe wathi umfutho wenkukhu wabhala umlobi kaHarry Potter.
10. Katrin Shvitser
URucher Catherine Shvitzer wangena endabeni njengowesifazane wokuqala owagijima umjaho weBoston ngo-1967. Ngaleso sikhathi, abesifazane benqatshelwe ukuhlanganyela emiqhudelwaneni, ngakho-ke wafaka isicelo sokubamba iqhaza eMileAGE njengendoda. Ngemuva kokuthi kutholakale ukuthi owesimame ubamba iqhaza emjahweni wekhilomitha angama-42, izikhulu zambamba ukuzama ukuzulazula emgwaqweni omkhulu. Isoka lowesifazane lahamba lisuka kummeleli wayo labahleli bakaMarathon, abamba uCatherine, okwathi emva kwalokho uShvitzer waqhubeka nomjaho.
Kamuva, wakhumbula: "Ngakuqonda ukuthi uma ngihamba, akekho noyedwa ongeke akholelwe ukuthi abesifazane bakwazile ukusebenzisa amakhilomitha angaphezu kwama-40. Uma ngihamba, wonke umuntu uzosho ukuthi lokhu kungukuhamba kokukhangisa. Uma ngihamba, abesifazane kwezemidlalo ngeke kube isikhathi eside. Ukwesaba nokuthotshiswa kwami kwaphenduka intukuthelo. " Ngo-1972, abesifazane babevunyelwe ngokusemthethweni ukuba babambe iqhaza emncintiswaneni.