Septhemba 2, 1942, Berlin. UViktor Frankl, udokotela odumile wezengqondo uboshwe nawo wonke umndeni wakhe: unkosikazi osemusha okhulelwe, abazali asebekhulile - futhi bathumela eCamprance Camp Teresienstadt, kusukela lapho uVictor ehunyushelwa kamuva e-Auschwitz, bese eDakhau.
UFrank akakaze abe ngumuntu oqinile, futhi ojwayelene naye ukholelwa ukuthi ngeke asinde ekamu lokuhlushwa. Ngaso leso sikhathi wahlukaniswa nomndeni wakhe. Ukhethe zonke izinto zomuntu siqu, eqala ngezingubo, eziphela ngendandatho yomshado kanye nombhalo wesandla wencwadi esebenza kuyo. Waphonswa inselelo kodwa wathunyelwa eSanagethka. Ukuphela komcabango owaduduzwa ngalesi sikhathi - amanzi asageleza emigwaqweni, futhi igesi ayizwanga. UFratan ngo-194: "Injabulo yilapho edlula iqembu elibi kakhulu," encwadini ethi "Isazi Sokusebenza Kwengqondo Ekamu Lokuhlushwa." Umuzwa uphakamise iViktor: Ukuze usinde, udinga ukwazi ukuthi kungani kudingeka uphile. Enye lapho efunda esikoleni, omunye wothisha bakhe ngandlela thile wathi: "Impilo iyinqubo yamakhemikhali kuphela." Le nsizwa yagxumela edeskini yabuza: "Mnu. Uthisha, uma kunjalo, kusho ukuthini impilo?" Umsebenzi wesayensi kaFrankl wakhiwa ngalo mbuzo. Wafunda ukudana nokuzibulala, futhi usafunda eNyuvesi yaseVienna, wadala iqembu lokusekelwa kwabafundi abathambekele ekuzibulaleni. Kusukela ngo-1933 kuya ku-1937 UVictor walibeka egatsheni ukuvikela ukuzibulala komunye wemitholampilo yaseViennese. Iziguli zaseFrankl zaba zingaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingama-30 abesifazane abatholakala ebungozini bokuzibulala. Ngokufika kwamaNazi ngo-1938, umJuda uFranklu wavinjelwa ekwelapheni iziguli zase-Aryyan. Wabe esethatha umkhuba wangasese futhi wafaka impilo yakhe engozini nomsebenzi wakhe wabeka engcupheni, enze iziphetho zezokwelapha ezingamanga zokugula ngokwengqondo, ozobulawa ngubani, obekuzobulawa ngokohlelo lwamaNazi lwe-Euthanasia. UVictor nomndeni wakhe baphethwe.
Lapho usongo lwamaNazis lwaba sobala, uFrankl wafaka amadokhumenti e-visa aseMelika futhi wamukela ngo-1941. Ngaleso sikhathi, amaJuda asevele ethunyelwa emakamu, aqala ngawo asebekhulile. UFrankl waqonda ukuthi maduze uzofika kubazali bakhe ababengenalo ithuba lokuhamba. Kwakunokuzikhethela phambi kwakhe: ukuphunyula noma ukuhlala nabathandekayo futhi balondoloze kokugcina. Ngolunye usuku, lapho ebuyela ekhaya, ngokungabaza ngesinqumo sakhe, uyise wambonisa itshe alolanda endaweni yesinagoge elisanda kuchithwa endaweni. Lesi siqeshana saphulwa ipuleti imiyalo yeTestamente elidala eyayiqoshwe kuyo, futhi kwakuyindlela yazo ukuthi iye yabeka ngokufanele ukuba ifundele ubaba nomame. UFrankl wanquma: lokhu kuwuphawu, futhi wahlala nezihlobo. "... Kukhona" izinhlanga "ezimbili zabantu emhlabeni, ezimbili kuphela! - Abantu abahloniphekile futhi abantu abathembekile. Womabili la ma- "izinhlanga" asatshalaliswa yonke indawo, futhi alikho iqembu lomuntu eliqukethe kuphela kusuka ku-Helpent noma kuphela kusuka ekushayweni; Ngale ndlela, alikho iqembu elinazo "ubumsulwa bobuhlanga!"
Ngubani onokuthi "kungani", uzokubekezelela cishe noma yikuphi "okunje"
Ekamu, uFrankl wahlela iqembu losizo lwezengqondo kwiziboshwa ezintsha zokufika. Kuyiqiniso, lo msebenzi wawuyimfihlo. UFrankl wasebenza ngokubambisana nabasebenzi bezengqondo kanye nabasebenzi bezenhlalo abavela e-Central Europe. Lapho othile ekamu ezwakalise imicabango yokuzibulala noma wazama ukuzibulala, udokotela wabika ngokushesha. "Ngabona okushiwo yimpilo yami ekusizeni abanye ukuba babone okushiwo empilweni yami." Kwabhekelwa ukunakekelwa okwandayo kwalabo abasonge ingozi ekhethekile: izithwathwa, i-psychopaths, "ubuntu obunobuntu", futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, bonke asebekhulile. Odokotela bazamile ukusindisa laba bantu ngokomoya. Abantu babevame ukubuza ngokungaziphathi kahle: "Ingabe lokhu kuhlupheka kusho, lokhu kufa?" Futhi uma Aphendula ngokuthi "Cha," babezolahlekelwa intando yabo yokuphila.
Ekamu, i-fancale enesici esikhethekile yaqiniseka ngayo: abantu ababenezincazelo ezimpilweni zabo, babekezeleleke kangcono indlala, ukugula, ukuhlukunyezwa, noma bebuthakathaka emzimbeni kunalabo abavulile isandla. Kwabanye, incazelo kwaba yithuba lokubona indodakazi encane iphinde yahamba kwelinye izwe. Ngomunye umqondo, bekuwukuqeda umjikelezo wezincwadi azibhalile. Ihlathi elisho izimo ezihluliwe. "... Ekamu lokuhlushwa ungasusa kumuntu, ngaphandle kwenkululeko yokugcina - inkululeko yomuntu, inkululeko yokuphatha izimo noma, noma ngenye indlela"
Imithombo yencazelo
Inhliziyo . UFrancon waqinisekisa ukuthi abantu abanezwe elingaphakathi elithuthukile banamathuba amaningi okusinda. Lawa ngabantu abakwaziyo ukubanda, bajabule ngobumsulwa nobuhle beqhwa, qaphela ubukhazikhazi bokushona kwelanga noma imvula emaqabungeni ezihlahla. Lawa ngabantu abangahlala engqondweni yabo, ngokwengqondo, bakhumbula ukufunda izincwadi noma bacabangele izimpilo zabo ngemuva kokukhululwa. Lezi yilabo abanezinkolelo eziqinile zenkolo. "Ekugcineni, Nkulunkulu, uma kunjalo, uma kunjalo, ungumuntu olungile kunalokho okholelwa kukho noma cha."
Uthando. Labo abamthanda ngokweqiniso umyeni wakhe noma umkakhe bathola umthombo owengeziwe wamandla ezikhathini ezinzima. Akuphathelene nemicabango yocansi, imizwa enjalo icishe ishonile lapho umuntu ebulawa yindlala futhi ekhathazekile. Amabutho anikeza izinkumbulo zezici zobuso bakhe othandekayo, mayelana namazwi abathandekayo, cishe bonke abanolwazi ndawonye. Baqinisa intando, noma ngabe anikaziwa, othandekayo uyaphila noma efile. UFrancan uqobo wayehlala ecabanga ngonkosikazi wakhe nabazali, ubani, u-Ala, akazange afinyelele esiphethweni. "Umuntu okwaziyo umthwalo wakhe wemfanelo phambi komunye umuntu noma ngaphambi kwalolu daba, kuseyabelwe, akakaze anikeze impilo. Uyazi ukuthi kungani ekhona, ngakho-ke azothola amandla okukhuthazelela cishe noma yiluphi "kanjani."
Ukuzikhethela. Le yinto kuphela engeke isuswe kumuntu. Inkululeko yokukhetha ubudlelwano emicimbini akusho ukuthi umuntu uyasiza ekucabangeni ilanga ngosuku lwemvula. Kepha angakholelwa ezikhathini zobuthakathaka emandleni akhe, angafuna isizathu senjabulo ngokulangazelela, futhi ephelelwe yithemba - ithemba.
Ukuziphatha komuntu akuchazwa ngokuphelele futhi kuphela noma izimo noma ubukhosi. "Manje yini umuntu? Lesi isidalwa esihlala sinquma ukuthi ungubani. Lesi isidalwa esisungule amakamelo wegesi. Kepha lesi yisidalwa esiya kulawa amakhamera, ngokuziqhenya saqonda, ngomkhuleko ezindebeni. "
Amahlaya. Esinye isikhali somphefumulo emzabalazweni wokuzinakekela. Kuyahlekisa njengoba kungekho okunye okukwazi ukudala ibanga elithile phakathi kwakhe nesimo sakhe kumuntu, kubeka ngalesi simo. "Bese kuthi-ke into engalindelekile yawungu: Ihlaya elimnyama. Sasiqonda ukuthi akukho lutho esingalahla, ngaphandle kwalomzimba onqunu ohlekisayo. Ngaphansi kokugeza, saqala ukushintshana ngamazwana ahlekisayo ukuze ajabule futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke. " Ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu echithwe emakamu okuhlushwa, amaFranks abuyela eVienna. Ngo-1945, waphothula i-BOVER emhlabeni wakhe edumile "ukusho impilo kayebo." Isazi sezengqondo ekamu lokuhlushwa. " Wadala indlela ethi "Logotherapy" - uhlobo lwe-psychoanalysis, ngokususelwa ekuhlaziyweni kwezincazelo zobukhona bomuntu. Waphila kuze kube ngu-1997 futhi washicilela izincwadi ezingaphezu kuka-32, eziningi zazo ezahunyushelwa olimini lwesiRussia. Sibancoma enhliziyweni yakho. Umphikisi uFrankl, uFreud, uncamela ukumba "ngaphansi kwesisekelo" se-psyche yabantu. UFranki wasukuma ezinhlakeni zakhe. Imibono kaDkt Frankl ingahle ibonakale inengqondo, inqunywe ngokoqobo uma bengasekelwa ngokuhlangenwe nakho okunzima kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka.
Uthando nokuzinikezela kwakukhona futhi kuhlala kunezindinganiso zabantu eziyiqiniso.
