Phakathi kwamadolobha akhohliwe futhi alahlekile, i-mangazea ihlala endaweni ekhethekile, hhayi kuphela ngoba itholakala ku-plagne. Uma umlando wokudalwa kanye nokuhamba ngokushesha kwe-mangazelaea ucacile futhi ngokusobala, imfihlakalo ethile ixhumeke ngokuwa kwayo nokuqokwa kwakhe, okuyizi-mlando kanye nabavubukuli abazama ukuzixazulula.
Ogwini lwamagagasi asehlane
Ogwini loMfula iSiberia uTaz nanamuhla angeke abizwa ngokuthi ngokuphila - izindawo zokuhlala kuzo akwanele, futhi imvelo iyamangala ngokungafanele. Futhi ngekhulu le-XVI, lapho uPomra avela lapha, le ndawo futhi wabonwa nxazonke zomhlaba. Ezincwadini zasendulo, izizwe ezihlala empumalanga ye-Obi zabizwa ngokuthi "Molels": Leli gama livela olimini oludala lwe-komi-zyryan futhi lisho ukuthi "abantu bamaphetheki". Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, igama lezizwe zaphenduka igama lendawo: kumamephu adonswa ngu-English A. JENKINS, kukhonjiswa ngokuthi "Mirgomisosis". Kamuva ngesimo se- "Mangazea" kwaba igama lomuzi.
Ama-Pomorroles kulezi zindawo aholele emisebenzini yokuthumela: okokuqala baye e-Yamal olwandle, bese behudula imikhumbi yabo ngePeninsula (lokhu kwabizwa ngokuthi "Yamal Wolf"), yaya kwisikebhe. Kukholakala ukuthi kwakungama-pomas ukuthi ubusika bokuqala eMfuleni iTaz basungulwa. Baphinde batshela iziphathimandla zaseMoscow cishe ngokungazwakali ingcebo yesifunda esinokhahlo.
Futhi ingcebo yayiyinhle impela: Ama-walrus fangs, ubhontshisi omkhulu, futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, uboya. Isikhumba esisodwa esibuhlungu, esithengwe kumzingeli ogwini lwePelvis, sabalwa ngumthengisi ngama-kopecks angama-40; Uma i-discoversion yathathwa ibhizinisi, kwadingeka ukuthi ikhokhe i-ruble yesiketi esinjalo. Futhi ezimakethe zaseNtshonalanga Yurophu ukuze isiketi se-sable singatholakala cishe ama-ruble angamakhulu amathathu! Akumangazi ukuthi uMbuso usheshe wafisa ukuphothula udoti wakhe onamandla kuleyo ngcebo futhi ulawula ukulawula.
"Ukuhlwaya" mangasey
Enhlelweni yakhe - ogwini lwe-pelvis - ukugcinwa kukaM. Shakhovsky noD. Chripunov kwadingeka ukuthi bangene nezimpi: Babahlasela amasosha amahle kaSelkup. Cishe ingxenye yesithathu yesosha yawela empini, yalala phansi emhlabathini obandayo wamandla omunye umuntu. Kepha kwakungekho ukukhetha: Azange baye ePolar, nangokuhleleka kweNkosi uBoris GodInov. Ukusinda empini kwafinyelelwa kwabekwa ngo-1600. Ostrog emaholidini ashiywe. Ngakho-ke iMangazee yavela.
Bakhungathekile, kwafika khona ugongolo olusuka e-tobolsk naseBerezov - amakhulu amabili ama-WED eholwa yi-Vovods. Kwacaca: ukuba yidolobha elisha. Futhi empeleni, ama-mangazane athuthukiswa ngesivinini esingejwayelekile: Eminyakeni embalwa, kwavela ama-kremlin rose enkulu, amasonto nezindlu. Yize ngisho nangesikhathi se-heyday, inani labantu bakwaMagazea lalingabakhulu kangako - bangabi ngaphezu kuka-1,200 abantu, idolobha lahlaselwa yindawo. Izakhamizi zaseMangAzeyes zangena ezilikani naseVelvet, imigwaqo yahlanganiswa ngamapulangwe, futhi amafasitela endlu empofu kakhulu kwakunguSaliva - engxenyeni yaseYurophu yeRussia yatholakala kuphela kwabacebile. Kepha, mhlawumbe, ubufakazi obumangalisa kakhulu bengcebo yomuzi ungobuvubukuli bezinqwaba zamaphareli ama-plum namathambo ama-cherry: ngekhulu le-17. Mangaleitskogli ukukhokhela ukulethwa njalo esinqumweni esisha.
Ngisho ngamandla kunomcebo, uMangazee wamangala yisixuku esihlukile. Eduze kwamaSelkups nama-Nenets eMalitsa, abathengisi base-Inrogen abacebile baxoshwa ezinsikeni ezinezimpaphe, futhi iMoscow "ihambisana" ihlanganiswe nedolobha le-postangelogo. Ntambama nobusuku, edolobheni lokuhweba okuvuthayo koboya, obuletha inzuzo enkulu. Izazi-mlando zilinganiselwa ukuthi ngonyaka osuka eMangazei ziye entshonalanga zathathwa zafika kubantu abayizinkulungwane ezingama-30 bodwa kuphela, futhi kwakukhona izingoma neKuni, kanye nama-squirrel of fur. Ngomcebo nemisebenzi enobudlova, um mangabene obizwa nge- "zlatokuppling".
Imfihlakalo yokunyamalala kweMagazia
Ukuvikelwa kwe-Magnishone yezentengiselwano, okwashintsha i-manggaze kuye edolobheni elisedolobheni, kwahlala isikhathi eside - cishe iminyaka engamashumi amane. Okwesinye isikhathi, uManazes wayegqoka ubukhona obuhle njengendawo yokuphuma, kepha ngo-1672 i-Garrison yadluliselwa eYenisei. Futhi lo muzi wanyamalala, waya ezweni leqhwa. Ngenxa yemizamo yomvubukuli eyaqala ukumbiwa njalo ngawo-1960, siyazi ukuthi iMangazelaus akuyona inganekwane, kodwa idolobha langempela. Kepha kwenzekani kuye? Kungani inani labantu, ukwahlulela ngemiphumela yokumbiwa, kwesokunxele nje lapho?
Izazi-mlando zicindezela okungenani izinhlobo ezintathu zokuwa kwama-manazeys. Ngokusho kokuqala, indima ebulalayo yadlalwa ngulo mbuso, okokuqala, inkosi uMikhail Romanov ngo-1720 yavinjwa ukuyobhukuda ngaphesheya kolwandle, kwathi ngo-1729, amasha amabili amasha, A. U-PALKITSYN noG. Kokorev, bahleka futhi bahleke empini yombango yedolobha e-miniature. Idolobha laqala ngoKhisimusi futhi kancane kancane. Enye inguqulo ye-Vinit ekufeni komlilo weMangazazi ngu-1642, yabhubhisa iningi lomuzi. Futhi ngokohlobo lwesithathu, ukunyamalala kancane kancane kwesilo soboya kwakuwukunyamalala kancane kancane kwe-beaker yoboya ngenxa yokuzingela okukhulu kakhulu: akukho mkhiqizo - akukho lutho oluzohlala nezakhamizi.
Njengoba bekunjalo, asazi, futhi akunakwenzeka ukuthi kube lula ukunikeza impendulo efanele. Ngokusobala eyodwa: UMangazea ungomunye wezwe lokuqala lamadolobha ama-polar, futhi yize ahlulekile ukubamba isikhathi eside, isisekelo saso sesibe yingqophamlando ebalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwengcebo yemvelo yeSiberia.
Kuyafaneleka ukusho ukuthi iRussia iyamangaza futhi inothile ezikhangayo zezwe. Lezi zithombe ezingama-28 zokuheha okungokwemvelo okuyingqayizivele ukubabona, futhi kungenzeka.