Wu Juancün.
IMelika ebalaseleyo yemvelaphi yesiTshayina, yazibandakanya kwi-physics kwaye yafaka amava e-WU edumileyo, eqinisekisile ukhathalelo olungenamhlaba (ukwenzela oko. I-WU ifundiswe kwiPrinceton kunye neYunivesithi yaseColumbiy kunye noogxa bakhe ababini, uLee noYang, wamnika ukuba abeke intetho yabo entsha. I-WU iphuhlise amava kwaye iphinde yacocwa lee kunye nethiyori ye-yina. Kuyabonakala ukuba, kuba nokuba ifunyenwe i-nobel, kwaye i-WU ayiyo. Uninzi lwabantu abasebenza nabo lwaluyiqonda njengembonakaliso yesini, kodwa ke kwakungekho nto inomsindo. Ngaphandle kokufumana iBhaso yeNobel, iJiansing Jiancün yabhala iNcwadi ye-desktoto yeBeta ifikelela kwi-radio radioveysics kwaye zonke iingxaki ezibizwa ngokuba yi-American Society Society Society Society Society.UCharlotte Perryan.
Ukuba ubamba umyili wangaphakathi kwiindawo zendawo yakhe yokuhlala kwaye ubuze ukuba ucinga ntoni ngoLe Corbsusier, kuya kufuneka umamele indlela yokwenene, ukusebenza kwefanitshala kunye nayo yonke loo nto. I-Loftts yanamhlanje, i-LaConic Ecours, amaziko emiboniso-azibizi ngaphandle kwentsusa okanye impindezelo yemisebenzi yakhe. Okwangoku, iimodeli ezibizwa ngokuba "ziimodeli zehlelo" zaqala ukuvela eLeorbusier emva, kuye kwilinge lesibini, u-charlotte perrian walungiswa ngo-1927. (Okwesihlandlo sokuqala, inkosi ithumele iRavoisi ngamagama athi "Asibabumbanga umqamelo apha").
Ukujonga umsebenzi we-Perrian kumboniso we-lestern eParis, umyinge wawutsalwa kwaye wazifumana engaphezulu kodumo. Inyani yile yokuba uyilo olukhulu, ubuhlakani bekhonkrithi kunye nezinye, kuba wonke umsebenzi kwisuppu lakhe babeka isitampu ngegama lakhe. Ngenxa yoko, kwimisebenzi ye-charlotte ferrian igama layo laba lelesibini. Uluntu lukhunjulwa uphawu olukhuthazwe kwaye ulibale umbhali ngqo. Kwaye ngelize lilize, kuba i-charlotte perrian yayingumyili obalaseleyo kunye nomyili wefanitshala: Uye waphila ifenitshala ye-Ergonomic Scavinavia, ephuhlise ifenitshala ye-Ergonomic Scavinavian Isibini seeholide ze-ski zokuzonwabisa! Kwigama, uyinyani yenyani. Ewe, unako ngoGoogle, umzekelo, uChindigarh, isixeko esakhe saza kwakhiwe ngokupheleleyo uLeorbusier. Ewe kunjalo, asenzi mqondo kulwakhiwo, kodwa iseti yezakhiwo ezinemigangatho emihlanu emihlanu iphulukana nezitulo ezigqibeleleyo zeCharlotte enezinto zendalo. Ngamanye amaxesha ngaphantsi-ewe ibhetele, mabayeke abathandayo abayili -yitshi basixolelayo.
Emmy njengeheher.
I-Emmy Nether yayiyenye yabafazi ababalaseleyo kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini: wenza igalelo elikhulu kwiMathematics, i-topology kunye ne-physics. Ngokweengcali, inqanaba layo lokufumanisa lithelekiswa nemisebenzi ye-curie enkulu yaseMaria. Kodwa indlela ye-Emmy Nether kwiMathematics ilusizi kwaye inameva. Waba ngumsebenzi wabucala kwiDyunivesithi yaseGötten kuphela emva kokuba uninzi lwabantu abaprofeta kangangeminyaka eliqela bacela ulawulo lweyunivesithi ukwaba umvuzo kwaye banike ubuncinci isikhundla. Ngokumangalisayo, kodwa umntu ongumfazi oqaqambileyo wasinda kule minyaka ilishumi ikwisiseko esincinci (esasihlelwe nguluntu lwezenzululwazi). Ngaphandle kokuthatha nasiphi na isikhundla eyunivesithi, ufunde izifundo kwaye wafundisa abafundi. Ewe, ungabeki mfazi ukwenza le nto, kwaye ngokusemthethweni!
Wabizwa ngokuba ngunina we-algebra yale mihla. Ukudwelisa nje onke amacandelo eMathematics kunye neFiziks awayefaka isandla ngalo, atshintshiwe, okanye osekwe - alunawo iphepha elaneleyo. Yintoni eyona mpawu yabasetyhini kwisayensi, i-Emmy ayizange ivume, iimbasa, amabhaso okanye iiprimiyamu, ngaphandle kweprimiyamu encinci, eyahlulahlula umfundi wakhe. Kodwa xa uEmmy wasweleka (engaziwayo, enesizungu, kwilizwe lomnye umntu, njengoko enjalo, njengomYuda, waza wayalela izikhumbuzo (i-Scholarship, kwaye, Kananjalo ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-crater icala lenyanga ligama lakhe. I-Einstein, phakathi kwabanye, yathi kwi-Nectrologist (ukuba ngokufutshane), engapheliyo, kwaye kungekho mntu.
Henrietta livitt
UHenrietta, efumene isidanga se-bachelor, wafumana umncedisi kuNjingalwazi weAstronomy kwaye wayebandakanyeka ekubambeni iifotofflaxes ngomfanekiso weenkwenkwezi. Ewe, kuya kubonakala ngathi - yenza umsebenzi omncinci weedola ezilishumi ngeveki kunye nokufa ngenxa yesithukuthezi. Kodwa hayi, henrietta liivitt wafumanisa iipateni ezininzi ezisekwe kwimifanekiso enye yeenkwenkwezi, enkosi apho oososayensi abanokulinganisa khona kuwo nawuphi na umgama omnye kumnyele wethu nakumaphesheya. Kwangelo xesha, kwavula iinkwenkwezi ezingaphezu kwama-2400 (kwaye yonke le nto-ngaphandle komncedisi, iphakheji yentlalo, kodwa iyobuthathaka kwaye iphantse izele zizithulu).
Izazinzulu ezininzi eSweden, igalelo elinomtsalane kwisayensi, lagqiba kwelokuba latyumba irhafu yakhe ye-Nobel. Kodwa akukho nto iphumayo: UNobel akayeki emva kwexesha, kwaye i-livitt yayingaphili ngaphambi kokuqonda kwakhe.
I-Rosalind Franklin
Ngo-1952, wakwazi ukwenza i-radiolos, eyaba bubungqina bobuchwephesha beDNA. Ibhinqa elalinxunguphele yonke i-biology leza kule foto ide kwaye, njengoko kulindelwe, yindlela enameva. Kodwa emva kokuvula inyamakazi, izivalo ezibonakalayo azizange zilandele.
Abanye abaphengululi bakholelwa ukuba ifoto ibiwe nje kuFranklin, kwaye kwisiseko somfanekiso okwiqela, oogxa kwilabhoratri bakwazi ukupapasha umsebenzi kwangaxeshanye noFranklin. Ngenxa yoko, ibhaso likaNobel laya kuBathathu Emnye, kwaye iRosalind ifunyenwe ngenxa yokusebenza ngokusisigxina kunye nemitha ye-X-ray yomhlaza, ngenxa yoko wasweleka ngequbuliso, ngaphandle kokusinda kwesazela.
Isihogo
Uthando lowokuba ngumzekelo obalaseleyo wokukhula abantwana abalungileyo ngaphandle kotata. Imbongi ye-Byron, ngaphandle kokulungiselela ubuntu (okanye enye into), yanyamalala xa umntwana wayenenyanga kuphela. Nangona kunjalo, akunakwenzeka ukuba isihogo esichaphazele kakubi esihogweni: ufunde iJometri yase-Euclidean, ebandakanyeka kwiMathematics kwaye wenza iMisebenzi yeMathematics. Ngenye imini, isihogo se-1-semibele samashumi amabini anesithandathu saqhelana ne-Fientrieti ye-Fiecentric kunye neCovenuetor Charles Bables, obalelwe inqwelo mafutha, eqokelele into enobunzima obuthile kunye nokuhombisa okukhohlakeleyo I-Steampunk Calculator yeemfuno zeVictorian England.
Waqhagamshela ngovuyo kule nkqubo kwaye wazisa i-algorithm ukuchaza amanani eBernoul. Uluntu lwehlabathi namhlanje lwavuma ukuba yayiyinkqubo yokuqala yekhompyuter ephunyeziweyo yokudlala ikhompyuter. Ewe, kwaye ngokubanzi, i-ADA iqonde malunga ne "Bae Card" ngaphezulu kwebhayibhile, yaqikelela ukuba ikamva lalingemva kwale cumbessome.
Ingqwalaselo ayifikanga esihogweni sow Translace ngexesha loBomi: Wapapasha umsebenzi wentombazana e-Vitorian ngaphandle kwegazi, kwaye engaboni ukuqhutywa kwegazi le-babja (kuba amayeza eVictoria idluliselwe kakubi ngabantu abaphilayo)
USusan Joseliin Goll.
I-Susan ebuntwaneni yayikuthanda kakhulu i-Astronomy, eBondlicly kwaye yangena kwisikolo saseDyunivesithi kwiDyunivesithi yaseCambridge. Ukuqokelela izinto ze-dissertation yakhe, uSusan waphawula into engaqhelekanga. Uye wafuduka yonke imihla ziimitha ezingamashumi amathathu eenkcukacha ezivela kwi-radio ye-tedcope, de yafika kwizigqibo ezithile. Waba ngumntu odumileyo.
UAnthony Hewish, umphathi-susa, okokuqala akazange atyeshele ukuba afumane. I-Bell yakwazi ukukholisa ukuba aqhubeke novavanyo kwaye ekugqibeleni, wangqina ukuba ufumene iklasi entsha yezinto zangenzana. Ucinga ukuba kwenzeke ntoni emva koko? Ewe kunjalo, ibhaso likaNobel. Kodwa hayi kuphela i-Susan Joseli ye-jamelin, kwaye uAnthony Hewish (wamphulaphula, ekupheleni) kunye ne-ERMEUDE YASE-MATHINE.
Lou salome
Nakuphi na ukufundiswa kweNietzsche kuyazi ukuba uLou Salome ngumfazi omnye owaphuka intliziyo. Nasiphi na isipilitholonsilonsilonsilayo sikhumbula ukuba uLou oneminyaka engama-36 ubudala wathabatha phantsi kwephiko le-point elineminyaka engama-21 rile, egcina iimvakalelo zesisa ngobomi bakhe. Uninzi lwabona ifoto, apho uLou Salome uvuka isikhafu, ngolwazi lwetyala, elibambelele kwi-vagonopher yefilosofa i-filosopher Paul Rorpo. Ngamafutshane, ukuzonwabisa kwenenekazi eligcweleyo kuyabonakala.
Ngeli xesha, ingenguye wonke umntu okhunjulayo ukuba ikota yokugqibela yenkulungwane ye-Lou Salome ichithe i-sigmund freud, yaba ngomnye wabafundi bakhe ababalaseleyo. Kwiminyaka engamashumi amahlanu, uLu Salome wathabatha impahla yengqondo, epapashwa malunga namanqaku enzululwazi angama-139, incwadi yesikhokelo kwi-Pediatric Pentwe. Ukususela ngo-1914 ukuya ku-1937, ukugcina eGötten, wasebenza, evula i-psychometic syrapeic. Ingaqhelekanga ukuba i-Nietzsche's i-Nietzsche yakutshitshisa ingqondo ebalaseleyo yomfazi obancede abantu abangafundanga kwaye babenegalelo kwi-psychoanalysis.