"Esohlwayo" ebizwa ngokuba nawuphi na umntu obhinqileyo ophambukayo kwimithetho eyamkelekileyo ekuhlaleni kwabasetyhini kuluntu, kwaye kuyo yonke imbali, inkcazo enjalo inokuthetha nantoni na. Ngamanye amagama, la manenekazi anokubizwa ngokuba "ngabafazi abenzele enye into kunokuba babe ngumfazi nonina."
Ayinamsebenzi, yayiyimbonakaliso yothando, ulwazi okanye inkanuko, aba bafazi balandelayo bothusa uluntu ngokuba zii-antics zabo.
1. UJulie D'Vini
UJulie D'diyi yayinguRuel odumileyo kunye nemvumi ye-opera eyayihlala ekupheleni kweminyaka eli-1600 - ekuqaleni kuka-1700s. Ukususela ebuntwaneni, waqalisa ukunxiba iimpahla zamadoda kwaye wafunda, efunda, ukuzoba nokubiyela kunye namakhwenkwe. Sele ebudaleni, xa le ntombazana ithandwayo, abazali bathumela kwimonki, uJulie weba "ngobukhali." Xa omnye womoni omonastery wasweleka, iijusi zatsala isidumbu, sibeka isithandwa sakhe ebhedini kwaye sakha umlilo kwi-caul. Kuyathandeka kukwazisa ukuzeleka kunye, kodwa emva kweenyanga ezimbalwa u-Blonde oselula wayediniwe nguJuli, wamphosa. Ngenye imini, inenekazi elingaqhelekanga ladibana nendoda eyamthuka, yaza yaphosa umceli mngeni kwi-duel (sikhumbula ukuba le ntombazana ikususela ebuntwaneni iphumelele ukubiyela kwaye iphumelele amadoda kamva). Waphumelela, ehlaba igxalaba utshaba ngekrele. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, waphola, uJulie waya kumtyelela esibhedlele, kwaye ubudlelwane bothando bebunzima phakathi kwesi sibini, sakhula saba nobuhlobo ngobomi. Ubomi bejule D'Vini yayikukubeka ngobumnene, ukoyikisa wonke umntu ngelo xesha, kwaye le ntombazana yayike yagwetywa ngomlilo. Waye wasweleka ebusheni bakhe, wahlaselwa, eshiya i-opera waya kwimonikali, apho wasweleka eneminyaka engama-33.
2. UHypathy
I-Hypathy yayinguMathematics, i-Astronomer kunye neFilosopher. Uninzi lwemisebenzi yakhe, ngelishwa, zalahleka ngenxa yesahlulo sabafazi esingaqhelekanga, xa wayephila (350/370 - 415 g. n.). Utata waseGypathy wayengomnye wabafundi abakhulu baseAlexandria kwaye wanika intombi yakhe imfundo ebalaseleyo, eyayidla ngokufumana iiyunithi ngelo xesha. Ukukhula kwentombazana, waba ngutitshala (kwaye abafundi bamthanda ngaye) kunye nenzululwazi ehlonitshwayo, kodwa yonke le nto iphele ngenxa yokukhula ngokukhawuleza kobuKristu. Kwintengiso engama-415 Isihlwele esaphukileyo samaKristu satsala i-iPata enqwelweni, samqala ecaweni, icandelo le-gusge kwaye lifumene amanqaku ekufeni. Emva kokuba ukubhubha kwezikrelemsha kwasonjulwa isidumbu sakhe kwaye wamtshisa. Wenza umfundi - isayensi yokufumana ukufa okubi kakhulu. Ngokwemvelo, ngokobungamaKristu, yayibubugqwirha. Kwaye wayesisithintelo kumanxuwa kwezopolitiko zamaKristu, kuba i-hypathy yayingengomKristu, kwaye yayifundiswa esidlangalaleni yintanda-bulumko, eyayisa nxamnye nenkolo entsha. Wayenabahlobo abanefuthe, kuquka neRhuluneli iAlexandria, eyadalwa ukuphazamisa ukomeleza abasemagunyeni kwiCawa e-Alexandria. Emva kokuba efile, i-Hopathy yaba luphawu lwentshutshiso kunye nokunganyamezelani, kwaye yabizwa ngokuba nguMfeli weSayensi.
3. Iphepha lokuBetyty
Iphepha lokuBetty iphepha liyimodeli ethandwayo kwisitayile sePin-AP ukusukela kwiminyaka yoo-1950. Iifoto zakhe zivele kwenye yeyona micimbi yokuqala ye-playboy. Emva kwexesha, uBetty wanyamalala ngaphandle kwaye wayeka ukwenza iiseshoni zobuthathaka, kuba ngequbuliso waba yinkolo enkulu, kwaye wagqiba kwelokuba abe ngumfundisi-ntsapho. Emva koko, waqala kakhulu amaxesha anzima kakhulu. Eli bhinqa lasinda kwimitshato ethile enesaqhwithi, kwaye ichithe iinyanga ezingama-20 kwisibhedlele sengqondo sengqondo esifunyaniswa sineparanoid schizophrenia. Kodwa kufike ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yee-1970, impembelelo yephepha lokuBety kwiNkcubeko ye-POP yaziva. Imifanekiso yakhe ye-50s yayisandul 'ukuthandwa, kwaye umlinganiswa ohlekisayo wadalwa, ngokusekwe kumfanekiso wayo ophilayo.
4. I-Margaret Campbell, iDuchess Argail
UMargaret Campbell wayengumnqweno otyebileyo owazalwa ngo-1912 kwintsapho yesigidi saseScotse George Wigham. Njengomntwana, wafunda ikakhulu eUnited States, yaye ngo-1951 watshata noIan Campbell, uDuke Argail. Ngo-1954, esi sibini sasingasenakukwazi ukunyamezelana, kwaye uDude wayeqinisekile ukuba uMargaret uyatshintsha yena. Ngo-1959, ixesha eliqaqambileyo sexesha eliqaqambileyo, apho amacala omabini ngoncedo lwabanini babucala bazama ukumba nayiphi na ingqolowa omnye komnye. Ngo-1963, uDuke wakwazi ukufumana idayari kunye neefoto ezili-13, abanye ababemfanekisela umntu ababelana ngesondo kunye nendoda, abanye batyhila umntu okhethekileyo. Ukusweleka kwenkundla kwakungekhe kuthandwe nguMargaret, kodwa kwanoxolo lwamarhawubu ngokwawo ngokwakhe wabandakanywa kwiklabhu emhlophe edumileyo.
5. UMary Walstonkraft
UMary Walstonkraft wayengumbhali, isithandi-sobulumko kunye nomkhuseli wamalungelo ababhinqileyo ngasekupheleni kwe-1700s. Enye yemisebenzi yayo eyaziwayo ibibizwa ngokuba "kukhuselo lwamalungelo ababhinqileyo." Kuyo, umbhali wakhuthaza eyona mfundo ibalaseleyo yabasetyhini, kwaye wathi abantu basetyhini abanakuba kuphela ngabafazi noomama, kodwa nabo basebenza kakuhle ukuba banika amathuba afanayo amadoda. UMary wasweleka kwiintsuku ezili-11 emva kokuzalwa kwentombi yesibini. Emva kokubhubha kukaMariya wabulawa ngumyeni, uWilliam Thiswin wagqiba kwelokuba abhalele imbali xa ehlonipha umfazi awayemthanda. Le ncwadi iyothusa abantu xa kwakufika ukuba uMariya walwa ubomi bakhe bonke ngeengxaki zempilo yengqondo nokuba wayenabantwana ngaphandle komtshato. Oku kwakwazi ukuyonakalisa ngokupheleleyo igama lakhe, kodwa uMariya wahlala engumntu ophambili kubasetyhini kwaye ekhuthaza abasetyhini.
6. USophie Germen
USophie Germain wayengumfo waseFransi owayehlala ekupheleni kweminyaka yee-1700 - ekuqaleni kweminyaka eli-1800. USophie ufumene uthando lwakhe malunga neMathematics, ehlola ithala leencwadi likaYise. Intombazana yokoqobo yathandana nebali le-Archimeeee kwaye lagqiba kwelokuba iphonononge zonke iincwadi zikayise kwimathematics. Uye wafunda isiGrike nesiLatin ukuba aqonde ngokupheleleyo amaphepha amadala ezenzululwazi. Abazali abavumeli ngomdla wakhe kwisayensi, kuba bengayiqwalaseli umsebenzi ofanelekileyo kwibhinqa eliselula. Ngaphandle kokuvalwa kwabazali, uSophie Germain waqhubeka nokufunda iMathematics. Emva kwexesha, wada wasebenzisa iPseududugungeym "M. I-Lenc "Ukufumana intetho (abafazi babengavunyelwa ukuba baye kwizifundo) kwaye baqala imbalelwano nabantu abaninzi bezibalo, kubandakanya uJoseph-Louis Lightrich Griverich Grivery. Umsebenzi wakhe kwi-Theorem kuyo yonke indawo yayithathwa njengeyona nto iphambili kwi-Sophie Germain kwiMathematics, kodwa eyona nto iphambili kuye.
7. I-Sidoni-Gabriel Colette
I-Sidoni-Gabriel Colette, edla ngokubizwa ngokuba "chill", yayingumbhali odumileyo ekuqaleni nakwisithuba se-XX yenkulungwane. Iincwadi ezinqunyanyisiweyo zazihlala zinikelwe ngesondo kunye nezinye izihloko ezilweyo. Wayedla ngokubhala ngezinto azinamava akho, umzekelo, indlela awayekhulele ngayo kwilali yezithulu okanye wayetshatile kwindoda esele ikhulile (yonke i-cholett yayinamadoda amathathu). Umyeni wakhe wokuqala uHenry Ganry Gathorier-Phulaphu, wafumana inkosikazi yakhe italente, wamva ekhaya ukuze akwazi ukugxila kwiincwadi zokubhala. Ngexesha lo mtshato, i-chips yabhala iinoveli ezine ezazipapashwa phantsi kwegama lomyeni wakhe, kwaye wabela yonke imali ethathwe kupapasho. Ngokutsho kwamarhe, i-volette yayineenoveli ezininzi kunye nabasetyhini, kwaye uchithe iminyaka yabo yokugqibela, phantse ngaphandle kokuvuka ebhedini kwaye unesifo sokukhohlakala. Umyeni wesithathu wayekhathalela i-till, ngelixa eqhubeka nokubhala.
8. Louise Kazaki
ULouise Kazaki (1881-1957) Ngaba i-Aristocrac yase-Italiya, yazalelwa kwintsapho enesityebi, kwaye yaziwa ngokuba ngamaqela ayo agqwethekileyo, imiboniso nenzondo yehlabathi. Nangona kunjalo, kwasekuqaleni kwakufaneki kwakufanekiselwa. U-Louise wayeyihari esiyintloko esiqhelekileyo, wanelisekile ngobomi bakhe. Yonke into itshintshile xa wadibana nembongi eGavirile D'Annnzio, awayenenoveli xa wayetshatile. Ngenxa yempembelelo kaGabriele, i-Italiyane yaza yaba ngumfazi otyhafileyo njengoko wayekhunjulwa ngenkulungwane. Nje ukuba uLouise uthe: "Ndifuna ukuba yimisebenzi ephilayo yobugcisa." Kwaye ngokungathandabuzekiyo waphumelela, umfanekiso wesotshi utshabalelwa kwimizobo emininzi, imizobo kunye neefoto, kwaye udumo lwayo ngexesha lefashoni ligcinwe unanamhla.
9. I-Calliula Bankhead
I-Mustral Bankhead yayinguMbango weFilim of Sible yenkulungwane ye-XX, umThetho we-datical, unomathotholo kunye nomzekeliso weTV. Wayekhunjulwa ikakhulu ziindima kwimidlalo enjalo "ukuba bayayazi into abayifunayo," "abancinci" nakwiifilimu ezifana "nobomi". I-Taltula yayisaziwa ngokuziphatha kwakhe okuvakalayo, i-Frenk Fitfitfs kunye nobudlelwane baninzi namadoda nabafazi, njengoJohn Emery, uEva lePans, u-EPain no-EPali. Usebenzise iziyobisi, xa esithi: "I-cocaine ayikhoboka. Ndiyisebenzise iminyaka emininzi. "
10. Meyi West
Mei West Reage "kuyo yonke loo nto." Eli bhinqa liqaqambile, umfazi wesini esitshatileyo wothuka kwaye "wakhuthaza abaphulaphuli bokuqala beminyaka yee-1900s ngokuziphatha kwakhe. Wayengumbhali, umlingisi kunye nomlawuli, kwaye isimilo sakhe sokuvuselela simnike inkathazo enkulu. Ngo-1926, i-Mei idlale indima ekhokelayo ebhalwe nguwe odlalwayo obizwa ngokuba ngu "ngesondo", owandwayo phakathi koluntu ngokubanzi, ngaphandle kwento yokuba wayegxekwa kakhulu. Le ntsebenzo ikhokelela ekufumaneni okokuqala ngoMeyi ngamapolisa emva kwakhe, kunye nabanye abadlali abaliqela, babanjwa baza baziswa ngenxa yezityholo zokuziphatha okuhle. Emva kokuchitha iintsuku ezisibhozo entolongweni, i-Meri West iqhubekile nokubhala imidlalo yezihloko zempikiswano, kodwa ngoku wayenobuchule kwaye elumkile, kwaye ngoku wathabatha amapolisa. Umsebenzi Mei kwi-cinema yayingumxholo wempikiswano yesaqhwithi. Iifilimu zakhe bezihlala ziphantsi kochuku, kodwa zisenokuhamba ngoku, zisebenzisa imfinyeza kwaye zinentsingiselo ephindwe kabini ukudida abanye abaqalayo. I-West yasweleka ngoNovemba 22, 1980 eneminyaka engama-87. Ilifa lakhe, ngaphandle kwalo lonke udumo olukreqileyo lomdlali, alinakufane unanamhla.