Abaphathi abathembekileyo-yinto entle, kodwa kuthekani ukuba igunya lilahlekile, inkosi ihamba ze, kwaye yonke into isenentloni yokuthetha omnye komnye ngayo?
Sikhethe uninzi lwamaxesha alishumi, ngokusesikweni mhlawumbi siye saphinda sazihlaziya, sithatyathwa sikuthandile ukuba sithethe ngesizathu sokuba ibalulekile kwimbali nenkcubeko, kodwa lisenkulu.Ingonyama iTolstoy "Imfazwe noxolo"
Nangona ingcaciso "yethu yonke" yabethelelwa kwi-puckkin, kodwa indoda yaseRussia iziphatha ngokungathi "yonke into" yethu yonke ingonyama i-telstoy. Ukuxela ukuba kutheni le boveli inkulu, yonke into ihamba. Kwaye, ewe, ubungakanani ngokwayo, kunye nenkcazo yorhwaphilizo lolwimi njenge "mkhulu", kwaye uyonwabele yonke ingcinga yesicwangciso sombhali (Wow! Ingcinga enqabileyo kuncwadi) , nomfanekiso kaNatatha Rostova, kuba kulungile.
Ngapha koko, ubungakanani bubekwe ngamandla ukufakwa kwetekisi yokuziphatha, eyenziwa kukunyeliswa kunye nemvakalelo yokubaluleka kombhali. Ukuba ufuna ukubona inkohlakalo eqaqambileyo, kungcono ukufunda u-Andrei Platenova, kwi-mught enye, sisizathu esiphezulu. Ubukhulu bombono "kwaye vumela amagorha am acothise ngakumbi kunesiqhelo, kwaye angathandekiyo" kunye nobukhulu bezinto ezithandabuzekayo, ubukhulu beembono! Ijoni - iGenisi! I-Intellers-Lit!) - Athandabuzo ngakumbi.
Kubonakala ngathi i-Intelliiganeles yaseRussia inamathela kumnqweno omkhulu wokuba ne-Epic yaseRussia, enokungcangcazela kwaye inokwenziwa phambi kwabanye. Izinto ezifumaneka kookhokho bethu ziyaqondakala, njengayo yonke umntu, kodwa emva kokuvela 'kokuzola' ukubambelela kwi "Imfazwe kunye neHlabathi" kuphela enokuphela. "UDon othuleyo" Yiba sisibakala sokuba "imfazwe nehlabathi" yayivukile nje ukuba: i-EPOS yaseRussia, ebhalwe kakuhle, ayigxothiwe ziilitha zombhali, ibonisa umphefumlo waseRussia. Ah, ewe. Apho, akukho lelantaneli ishumi elinantathu i-Natasha Rostova. Oku, kunjalo, itshintshe imeko, ewe-aa.
Ingonyama iTolstoy "Anna Karena"
Kuba sele ndinyule iRoma enkulu yeRoma, i-Ida yokuvuya kwaye inqula yonke into eyaphuma kwintsiba enye. Umzekelo, ibali lika-Anna Karena, into enjengenguqulelo ende yeMadame Bovarie kunye ne-Operas ye-Operas ephuma kwi-Operas ye-SIDRY kunye nengoma ngelishwa. Ngokwenyani, inoveli kwaye ibhaliwe kuhlobo loludwe lwama-theries, "ngokuqhubekayo", ngokudideka uthando kunye neemvakalelo ezinzima. Kodwa iTolstoy ibingayi kuba ngamafutha, ukuba bekungekuko ukuvula izinto ezimbi kwaye zibambe iimpumlo zamagorha namaqhawekazi edrama yehlabathi. Kule ncwadi kwaye yamkelwa kwangoko ekuhlaleni. Nangona sifana nenyani yokuba sinayo incwadi malunga nendlela iTolstoy engafani ngayo nabantu ukuba banomkhwa wengubo yangaphantsi.
Ukuba ufuna ukufunda okuthile emoyeni "Ewe, onke amadoda ahlala apho, aziirls kunye nenqatha elaneleyo," sanele ukuba sivule nayiphi na iPortal yeendaba kubomi beCeblebritimis. Umphefumlo waseRussia "uKarenina" awuvulekanga, isfurest kudala ayisebenzi kwaye oyena mntu unamafu. Ukuba besinganxibi nenoveli, thina ngokwethu, akunakwenzeka ukuba itsalele ingqalelo enjengoncwadi lwasemzini lwaseRussia. Kwaye ukuba ufuna ukuxuba okuhle kwedrama, i-skirt ye-fash ye-verti, inkanuko eqinileyo kwaye kwangaxeshanye iyaphela, kungcono ukuba ufunde "iNcwadi yokuhamba komjikelezo kuRhulumente noluntu. Kuyinyani, ukuphela kwethamsanqa kumfundi waseRussia kuya kubonakala kubonakala ngathi uqhekezwe, kodwa emva kwayo yonke loo nto, kwaye iTolstoy - iphelile ayikhathaleli. Khumbula i-natasha rostov ngePellecoms ekuphoseni.
UJer day Trilllinter "Ngaphezulu kweRye"
Ewe, kumnandi kakhulu ukufunda incwadi ethi umntu olungileyo anokuthi adideke, ukuba ayifumane, ukuba azukise kwaye yonke into imbi kwaye ayisebenzi. Ngakumbi amaxesha xa elahlekile ebomini. Kodwa ngesizathu esithile, i-lermoniv Indoda eyenzayo ngokuqhubekayo, iboniswe ngokuthe ngqo njenge-asshole (ibonisa iqhawe lexesha lakhe ", ungaphoswa ngumbhali wentshayelelo ngeli" iqhawe "). Kwaye isilokazi sinesiseko "awundiqondi" kwaye jikelele ujonga umhlaba kule nto ixhaphakileyo. Nokuba akukho naluphi na umbono kwiNcwadi encwadini, kunye ne-abodies yobugcisa, elungileyo, kodwa ayityhafisi enkulu. Kuba inkulu kwaye igcwalise kuyimfuneko ngakumbi. Ngokubanzi, sele siyicacisile ukuba ichaza ngcono into enye.
I-Ernest Hamingay "Kulungile, izixhobo!"
Enye i-frically ebambekayo, ukongeza kuphela kwivumba lokunganyangekiyo kuye kwakukho nommisi we-amber. Umbono "kwimfazwe ayilunganga, ndenzakele apho" kunzima ukuchaza eyasekuqaleni, nangona sivumelana nayo. Yintoni enye apho? Indoda emhlophe ephakathi, eyenzekayo, ngenxa yokuba kukho isangqa sabantu ababi, kuba ekuqaleni uye emfazweni kwaye ubi, kwaye ke umfazi wakhe wathabatha waza wafa. Kwakhona hayi kwasekuqaleni kakhulu, uncwadi luphuphuma ngabaphikisi bodidi oluphakathi ngabafana abamhlophe. Asinanto ngokuchasene neyelenqe elinje, kodwa kwakhona, umbono kunzima ukuba ungabibalanga, kodwa ngento eyahlukileyo kwenye imisebenzi esebenzayo. Nangona kunjalo, isiphelo sihambelana. Kodwa yahlulwe ngumsebenzi olungileyo ukusuka kokubi, kwaye kungabi kakhulu kukulunga.
I-Ernest Hamingay "Indoda endala kunye nolwandle"
Intlekele enkulu yendoda encinci, ngokubanzi, usuku olubi kakhulu, kwaye akukho ntlekele enkulu. Kwaye ngenxa yobukhulu bomoya wamadoda, kodwa malunga nenkani, nto leyo, ngokubanzi, ayizange ikhokelele kwanto. Ichazwe ngaphandle kwaphela. Kodwa, cinga ngesiqhumiso soncwadi, akucacanga ukuba kutheni i-Nobel ibhaso apha. Yonke into efanayo nangolwimi olufanayo (nesiNgesi ... Kunzima ukuhlala kwi-joke) wabhala uJack London. Iipakethi.
Ivan Bunin "i-alleys emnyama"
Sobabini siyintoni ingqokelela kwaye malunga nebali elibandakanyayo. Ukufuduka kweRussia kwakhawuleza wakhawuleza kunye naye, njengoko kubhalwe i-tuba ebhaliweyo-oku, ekugqibeleni, iBunin yethu, i-Bunin yethu, nokuba ingulowo uncwadi lwe-Russian waseRussia. Kwii-wineties eRussia baqala ukunxiba nabafuduki abamhlophe kwaye bamkelwe ngokungenamtsalane kuzo zonke izimvo zabo. Akukho mazwi, uninzi lwababhali baseRussia kunye neembongi zaza zazaliswa zaza zazaliswa zaza zazaliswa nguNondyebo woNcwadi lwaseRussia. Nanku noTeffi, kunye neTsvetaeva, naseNabokov. Kodwa abo babukele kuphela kwixesha elidlulileyo nakuphela ngelahleko yeseyile kunye nakuphi na unodaka, nto leyo eyadlulayo, yayikukuthetha isiphelo sesithoba, siqhubeka ne-vew yebhegi efanayo. Ngokubanzi, ufuna uncwadi oluhle lweRussia - sele lisifowunele ukuba ngubani na onokuzifunda.
I-Gustave Flaubert "Nksk Bovari"
Sele xa sakhankanya ukuba uAnana Karena yinguqulelo yesiNgesi ye-Madame ogqirha, kunokwenzeka ukuba siqonde indlela esiphatha ngayo inoveli yeFlaubert. Hayi, thina ngokubanzi siphatha i-French Real Ifissim kunye nembono yokwenza umfazi ongumntu ophambili hayi kuphela inoveli yothando. Kodwa uFlaubert unengxaki enye eTolstoy: Akafani nabantu abaphilayo kwaye engazi ukuba angayifihla njani. Intlungu yokungakhathali kubomi bothando lokuthatheka, ukuya ekuhambeni komphefumlo ongenayo ithuba lokwenza imali ngamaphupha akhe, kuguqukele kwiinoveli, zaguquka zaba yingoma eqhelekileyo yaseSamanadavinovat. Kulisikizi ngakumbi ukuba ukugqwetha kokulungiselela kwaphesheya kobomi bomfazi wokwenene-kuphela igama litshintshiwe. Kwaye uluntu lucacile ukuba kutheni inoveli iphathiswe: i-Horay, inkanuko, ukuba ibonakalisiwe njani ukuba zonke iingxaki ezivela kwi-Bab kunye nenyaniso yokuba bafuna kakhulu! Ewe, kwaye ulwimi ulungile, yintoni, leyo.
I-Herman Melville "Moby Dick"
Zonke iincwadi zaseMelika ezivela kwi-mobile dick. Ngakumbi "indoda endala nolwandle." Izicwangciso zikaMelville kwinoveli kakhulu, umbhali wayenento yonke, ebhekiswa kwibhayibhile konke, kwaye wafumana ezimbini ngaxeshanye-kwaye le ngokwesiko ithathelwe ingqalelo umqondiso onobunzulu wesicatshulwa . Ukunyathela kombhali wanamhlanje womfundi, uhlala ulinde isimilo, ukuthatha kunye nokutsala umvuzo wovelwano. Nangona kunjalo, inoveli ilawula inkalipho yombhali ngolwazi kwintsimi yeSayensi yeNdalo, ehlehluleke ngelo xesha apho iinyani zeshumi elinanye ziyintoni iivoti zeshumi elinanye. Ukufunda ukuba manithini, ngenxa yoko, ukonwabisa kwaye akukho nto iqondwa yidesikali, kodwa kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini ukuba ityhutywe nenkulungwane yamashumi amabini kuphela emhlabeni, efihliweyo Emntu, ukuncoma amandla oMoya, nokuba (ingakumbi ukuba) kuyadlula ngaphaya kwemida yesenzo sengqondo. Kwezi bonakalise, inoveli kunye nendawo ephantsi. Amandla akhe, ndiyaxolisa, khange anele.
I-Antoine De Saint-Expepery "Inkosana encinci"
Umntu ngamnye ebomini, kuyenzeka, ndifuna imvakalelo. I-Squamp kwicala eliqaqambileyo lomntwana, lamangalisa amahle ahleliweyo okanye ubumnandi. "Inkosana encinci" ithathela ingqalelo incwadi yaBantwana - kuba yonke into ifana nenkwenkwe, kodwa oku kuyachasana nabantu abadala abafuna ukuthetha kancinci nomntwana wabo ongaphakathi. Kwanakuqala kwakhiwe malunga nokubhekisa kule nto ingaphakathi, hayi kuwo wonke umntwana wokwenene. Yintoni oza kuyithetha, iigusha ezikwincwadi zilungile, i-triarisms iyinyani (i-Trials), kwaye i-sevalomentiya ubuncinci utya. Kodwa enyanisweni, lonke ibali ababhinqileyo (emelwe yi-rose) bahle, kodwa i-wistrical engabinayo inkwenkwe, iphose i-rose enye, yiya kwezinye iindawo zokuvuma , Sula, sula apho, kwaye umhle, kodwa ndiyathemba ukufa - kuba yayiyimfesane, kodwa ukuba loo rosa waqonda ukuba ayonwabise. Kunokwenzeka ukuba kulungile, i-Durose, enye kwi-averoid engenanto, apho kunye neempethu, amagqabi, thatha uhlobo oluthile? Ndiye ndaqonda ngoku, yintoni elungileyo? Ngaphakathi. Qwalasela, uve yena, kwaye ulapha emhle kwizinto ezifudukileyo kwaye yonke into iza kuxolelwa, ngendlela. I-SHMN YOKUFUNDA NGOKUFANELEKILEYO.
I-Miguel Cervandets "DON DON Quixote"
I-Spaniard yathatha, yahlala phantsi yabhala i-satire efundisiweyo ukuya kwi-supermodic sothando malunga ne-knights. Ukugculelwa emsileni naseMane, kwaye kakuhle kakhulu. Ngaba uyazi ukuba kutheni sinxibe ngenene le ncwadi, njengasentla? Kuba siyityeshela ngokupheleleyo injongo yombhali, ngendlela, kwaye, njengoko kusenzeka rhoqo, sibona ukuba singathanda ukubona ntoni. Njengakwi "HRO yexesha lethu," sifuna ukubona ukungonwabisi, sinokungaqondakali, umntu onesidima esihle, kwaye umnqweno wethu wokutya u-don Kihota ungowenzi, kodwa onzulu kakhulu I-knight yokwenene, ijikeleza ngokungafaniyo nayo yonke (ngakumbi ngokuchasene nokubandezeleka kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle). Ngelixa i "idiot" ye-dostoevsky ininzi kakhulu malunga nobunzima, kwaye azikaze zityeshele yonke into ahamba ngayo. Eh, thina.