Namhlanje kukho inani elikhulu leenkampani ezibandakanyeka kwindalo kwaye ukukhululwa koshicilelo olubi kakhulu, kugxilwe kubameli bobuthathaka besini.
Ubuhle, ikhitshi, ifashoni, ubudlelwane-kwiimagazini zabasetyhini ezahlukeneyo ziphakame, kwaye zifunde iimagazini kunye nabafazi, kunye nabafazi, nabadla umhlala-phantsi. Kwangelo xesha, bambalwa abantu abacinga ukuba i-gless gloss gloss ivela kwiinkulungwane ezininzi ezadlulayo.Iimagazini zokuqala
Namhlanje kunzima ukukholelwa, kodwa iimagazini zabasetyhini zokuqala zapapashwa ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-17. "IGalanta Mercury" ebizwa ngokuba yiMagazini yaseFransi. Kuyinyani, wayengengabo abasetyhini, kodwa yenzelwe uluhlu lwabafundi. Kwangelo xesha, yayinamacandelo alungiselelwe ngokuthe ngqo kubaphulaphuli babasetyhini-uphononongo lwemigangatho yefashoni kunye ne-cumicle yehlabathi. Ushicilelo lwavela luthando olukhulu kangangokuba wanomdla wokumkani.
Iipesenti ezili-100 zeepesenti ezingama-100
Imagazini yokuqala, eyayigxile kuphela kwabafazi abanesidima nabatyebi bakhululwa eBritani ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-18 kwaye wabizwa ngokuba "Cley Mercury". Kwangelo xesha, kwavela umfanekiso wokuqala wemithombo yeendaba. Baba yi-aristocrat, iimpahla zokuphuma kunye namanenekazi ahlukeneyo. Ukuba ngaphambili loo mifanekiso ibigwetyiwe, kwagqitywa kwelokuba ithathe isigqibo ngokuziphatha kakuhle. Ijenali apho wathetha khona iimveliso ezintsha ezixabisa kakhulu, iindlela zefashoni, izinto ezintsha, zathandwa kakhulu kwaye zasasazeka kakhulu kwaye zasasazeka kwi-ERORORE kwi-Union kwaye zaya kwelinye ilizwekazi - ukuya eMelika.
Emva kwethuba, elinye imagazini lavela, apho, ukongeza kwifashoni, eyakhawulezayo yabafundi abanesihloko, iingxaki zakwa-Edation, njl njl. Kwaye yapapashwa eLondon. Phantse ngeli xesha, imagazini yakhe iqala ukupapasha eMelika - "Iphephandaba leLady Lady", apho iingxaki ze-goneute zayo, ezinje ngeengxaki zemfundo yabafundi, yazisa iimagazini ezinjalo Inxalenye ebalulekileyo yobomi basetyhini.
I-Logs yenkulungwane ye-Xix: akukho khitshi imanyene
Ngenkulungwane ye-19 kukho inani elikhulu ngakumbi labasetyhini, izifundo zabo ziyanda. Ngeli xesha, ukungqubana kwabo bafuna ukutshintsha kwaye bafuna ukushiya yonke into njengoko ichaphazela iimagazini zabasetyhini. Iijenali ezahlukileyo zivela kubameli be-gestib ebuthathaka, equlunqwa ngabafazi abafuna ukuwahlula amalungelo abo kunye namalungelo abantu. Iphephandaba lokuqala elinjalo laba yiBritane "yejenali yabafazi baseBritani".
Ekuhambeni kwexesha, iimagazini zabasetyhini zaba nkulu, nje ekuqaleni kwemfazwe yehlabathi yokuqala, imiba yokulingana iyekile ukuba nexhala, njengoko iingxaki zezopolitiko ziye zafika. Kuba uninzi lwabasetyhini kwafuneka basebenze, ingqalelo enkulu kumaphephancwadi ahlawula ingcebiso ngomsebenzi wokwakha, ukuphuculwa kweempawu zobungcali. Malunga neli xesha, imagazini yamabhinqa amabhinqa "ivela, eyenzelwe abafazi abanalo ishishini labo. Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19, "i-vogue" iqala ukupapashwa eMelika.
Hayi indlela etshitshiswe ngayo ukufunda kwabasetyhini kwinkulungwane yama-20
Kwinkulungwane yama-20 inani elikhulu leemagazini zabasetyhini, ezisaziwa, zipapashwa kwaye ziyathandwa. Kwiminyaka yeMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi, umdla kubo wancipha, kodwa emva kowe-1945, iimpapasho zabasetyhini zizisonga ngokwazo.
Ewe, kwaye iimagazini zitshintshiwe kakhulu zaza zahambelana nenketho yanamhlanje - iinguqulelo zangoku zangenzanga, apho imicimbi emininzi ixoxwa, kukho iingcebiso zokuhonjiswa kwendlu, ukhathalelo lwendlu, ukhathalelo lwendlu Kubantwana, njl njl, ngeendlela ezintsha zimanyene ngokwazo izikhombisi ezininzi ezazikho ngaphambili.
Iimagazini zabasetyhini ziyitshintsha njani ifomathi yazo ngenkulungwane yama-21
Iimagazini zabasetyhini aziyi ndawo, ngokuchasene noko, zininzi kakhulu. Utshintsho olubalulekileyo kukuba ngoku akukho mfuneko yokuthenga iimpapasho ezishicilelweyo, kodwa unokufunda iimagazini kwifomathi ye-elektroniki, ethi uphuhliso lweetekhnoloji ze-Intanethi zaqala ukuvela ngesixa esikhulu. Uninzi lwamaphephancwadi amanenekazi anokufumaneka kwi-Intanethi akanalo ukhetho oluprintiweyo.
Wonke umntu obhinqileyo ulula kwaye kulula ukuba nguMdali webhlog yakhe okanye kwimagazini, ukuba unento onokuyithetha. Akukho nto inzima kule. Xa ingcinga yemagazini ilungile, kwinqanaba lokuqala kufuneka ukhethe ngokuchanekileyo kwaye uthenge umsitha othembekileyo-indawo kwiserver apho lonke ulwazi luya kugcinwa khona. Namhlanje, izindululo ezinjalo kwimarike inemali enkulu-ukusuka kubamba mahala kwiserver enikezelweyo. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba yintoni eyimfuneko kwimeko ethile. Ukuthengwa kokusingathwa simahla kufanelekileyo ukuba iprojekthi ichanekile okanye ayicwangciswanga phuculo. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, ukubanjwa simahla, njengommiselo, akuqinisekisi inkxaso yezobuchwephesha kumnini wendawo, kwaye ngenye imini iphepha lephepha linokunganikezeli-i-hoster ayiniki zikho zikho ukhuseleko lolwazi.
Ke ngoko, ukuqala kweemagazini zabasetyhini kufuneka zihlawulwe ingqalelo kubusingazi obungenasihlo. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, ukuba amandla ayo akonelanga, unokuhlala ukhetha ukubamba iimfuno eziphezulu-umncedisi onikezelweyo, ukuba neeprojekthi ezikhuthazayo zinokuhlawula kwaye zibeke izixhobo zakho kwiziko ledatha.
Eyona nto iphambili kukunika ingqalelo - ivolumu yendawo yediski kunye nenkxaso ethembekileyo yobugcisa. Eyokuqala ixhomekeke kubungakanani bendawo yokutyholwa kwendawo kwaye loluphi ulwazi olumelwe ukuba lulayishwe. Umthamo omkhulu wezinto zemithombo yeendaba ufuna ubungakanani bendawo yediski. Inkxaso yezobugcisa, ii-hosters ezigunyazisiweyo zikulungele ukuphendula imibuzo yabathengi babo kwaye ibanike iintsuku ezisi-7 ngeveki nakwiiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku.
Iimagazini ze-elektroniki zinezinto ezininzi ezilungileyo: Ulwazi lufumaneka kubafundi ngalo naliphi na ixesha, unokubhukisha, thumela ulwazi, wabelana ngolwazi nabahlobo. Ukhetho olufanelekileyo lokungavini luqinisekisa ukuba le magazini iya kufumaneka iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku, nakumaphepha ayo unokulula ngokulula kwaye ngokukhawuleza ukuya kwisahlulelo esifunwayo. Ukongeza, kunokwenzeka ukuba ufunde le magazini nangaliphi na ixesha kwisixhobo esikuvumela ukuba ufake i-Intanethi.