Incwadi ethi "Iindlela" kunye nethoni yoMbutho Olungileyo "we-1879 yayiyincwadi yesikhokelo" yesikhokelo "kwi-curician cuisine. Ichaze ukuba kwakufuneka njani ukuziphatha etafileni kwilizwe leVictorian, kunye nendlela yokuphatha izitya kunye nezitya ezininzi zelo xesha.
Umzekelo, ukuchukumisa ukutya ezinezandla ezingenanto kwakungekho sigqibo esingamkelekanga. Ngenxa yoko, wonke umntu kwafuneka afunde ukwamkela izixhobo ezahlukileyo ezazikhonzwa yitafile, kunye nokwazi indlela yokuzisebenzisa. Kwaye yayingumsebenzi onzima kakhulu.1. I-wins yeswekile
EVictorian England, iswekile yayithengiswa ikakhulu kwiivenkile zegrocery ngohlobo lwe "ntloko zeswekile". Ngokwesiqhelo kwiintsapho ezityebileyo, kuphela i-hostess yendlu "ibhonasi evela kwi-Sy Scority Head" ilungele umthendeleko, ngoncedo lwemibutho ekhethekileyo. Ilungelo elifanayo lalithunyelwa ngamathuba, njengoko iswekile yayixabisa kakhulu kwaye igcinwe phantsi kwesitshixo. I-SUGVEERS ene-tweezers enento efana nemizimba, kuphela ngezaphetha zeflethi, eyayikhululekile ukuba "zikhuphe" iziqwenga ze-sachara. Ngamaxesha amaninzi, zenziwa ngentsimbi yentsimbi, kodwa ke zona iintlonelo zenziwe ngesilivere, zazihombisa ngokutyibilika kwabo.
2. Iifolokhwe
EVictorian England, abameli beeklasi ezisezantsi bahlala besebenzisa imiqobo. Bade babiza ngokuba "ngabantu" "bakhwela udonga" kwaye banikwa ii-pubs njenge-snack. Ngenxa yoko, le mithombo itya kungekuphela nje ukuba yazi isiFrentshi, njengoko uninzi lwabantu lucinga namhlanje. I-snual yayihlala igcinwe kwisandla esinye kunye ne-napkin (okanye ngaphandle kwayo), kwaye inyama yentsimbi inyibilikisiwe yimfoloko ekhethekileyo emibini, eyayigcinwe kwelinye icala. Amaxesha eVictorian, ekholelwa ukuba inyama yemijelo inokuthobela isifo sephepha (esasixhaphakile khona), kwaye ukuba kukho kuphela i-Raw kuphela.
3. I-Spondon yomongo we-bone
Kwibutho laseVictoria, lalithathwa njengeline lendlela yokutsala ingqondo kumathambo (kwaye izitya zenyama emva koko zanikwa rhoqo). Ke ngoko, eyona nto iphambili yaseBritane, ababengenamdla kolu hleka, bafumana ipuni ekhethekileyo ukuba bakhuphe umongo emathanjeni, bangathukanga umgcini wezandi ezingafanelekanga. Ukucheba olunjalo lwalukho phakathi kwe-1700s (kwiXesha leVictoria), kodwa emva koko babenefom emide kwaye bencinci.
4. Izitshisi ngeempangelo
Izindlu ezikwixesha leVictorian I-Vicle kuphela ngoncedo lweentsika zegumbi ngalinye, kodwa ikhitshi yayihlala ikwigumbi lokutyela, kwaye ngelixa izitya zifikile etafileni, kwaye, ngokufanelekileyo, ukutya Ipholile ngokukhawuleza, kwangaphambi kwesidlo sangokuhlwa saqala). Ukuphepha le ngxaki, abaphumeleleyo abaphumeleleyo abafudumeleyo. Kwinqanawa ekhethekileyo emilenze ethula amanzi ashushu, kwaye iipilisi ezinamachaphaza afakwe emngxunyeni kuyo. Iinkalo ezifudumeleyo ubuncinci zigcinwe ngokutya izitya ezipholileyo.
Namhlanje, ezo utya zinokufunyanwa kunqabile, kodwa kwiqokelelo kukho "amangalisayo" ngendlela yezinki ezihleli ematyeni, amaqanda emilenzeni evulekileyo, iimpondo ezivulekileyo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ekhaya kwaqala ukuya ngcono, kwaye ezo zixhobo ziphuma kwifashoni. Kodwa bahlala sisikhumbuzo esimnandi sobuchule boVictorian malunga nokutya okutyayo.
5. I-SPOENS ZOKUGQIBELA
Kwi-1760s, ii-spoons zidalwe njenge-fingensi yokufikelela kwi-IRubE eYurophu naseMelika. Amagqabi eti agcinwa kwiibhokisi ezikhethekileyo ezenzelwe ukuhlala kude kwaye kwi-"yefomathi". Babehlala bagcinwa kwiqhosha, njengoko iti yayibi kakhulu kwaye ixabisekile. Ikwangelwe iinkalo ezizodwa ezazilungele ukulinganisa inqaku lamagqabi iti.
Ii-Masters zeSiliveresi yesilivere yaseVictoria zenze ezi phawu ngohlobo lweegobolondo, iibhloko okanye iibhakethi. Kwinkulungwane yama-20, ezi zixhobo zaqala ukuhombisa imihombiso okanye amagama apho baveliswa khona. Enye yezona zinto zibaluleke kakhulu ezifanayo ze-welding enesiphatho i-Ivaid ngamatye anqabileyo athatyathwa kwi-Auction ngo-1931 ngama-2 000 eepawundi ezingaphezu kwama-2 000.
6. Ukunyanzelwa
I-Asparagus ivele eNgilane kwinkulungwane ye-XVII inkulungwane, kodwa kuphela kwi-XVIII yenkulungwane ye-Xvii yifashoni kwaye engaqhelekanga ukongeza kwizitya. Ekubeni i-apparygus yaba phezulu kubuhle kwaye ihlaziywe etafileni, ayimangalisi into yokuba isilivere yesilivere ekhethekileyo yeza kuye. I-checlery efanayo ifumaneka ekhitshini nangokunjalo.
7. Inkxaso ye-fump
Ngexesha lesidlo sangokuhlwa ngexesha likaKumkanikazi uVictoria anokutshintsha kwizitya ezili-12 ezahlukeneyo. I-nyu isetyenzisiwe ukuze ingabinakho ukubambelela kwitafile kwithuba eliphakathi kwezitya. Esona sihlandlo sokuqala sivele ngexesha likaHeinrich VIII kwaye senziwe ngomthi. Kodwa kuba abaphumeleleyo bahlala bethanda ukwenza yonke ikhosi kunye nezixhobo ezihlaziyiweyo zaqala ukwenza kuzo zonke iintlobo zezinyithi, kunye neekristali, iiglasi, iimpondo, iimpondo neetroli.
8. Isikere sediliya
Esi sikhephe sasihlala sihonjiswe ngemisonto ngendlela yemidiliya yediliya kunye nezihombiso zezityalo, kuba zazisetyenziselwa ukusika iidiliya ngebrashi ngexesha leDessert. Kuluntu lweVictoria, kuphela kwiimeko ezinqabileyo kakhulu, i-Etiquette yokutyela yavumela ukusetyenziswa kwezandla etafileni-umzekelo, xa kusenziwa iziqhamo okanye isonka. Emva koko weza nohlobo olukhethekileyo lwesikere - kunye nezixhobo ezandisiweyo kunye nee-blade ezimfutshane, ukuze umthandi wediliya afikelele ngokulula amajikijolo afunekayo. Kwaye iziphelo ezisisidenge zithintele ukuqhekeka kweediliya. Isikere esifanayo senziwe ngesilivere.
9. I-Spoon ukubanda
Abaphumeleleyo bavuma i-crire, kwaye kwiitafile zabo kunokwenzeka ukuba bahlangane nejelly ngenyama okanye intlanzi. Kwakhona, ijeli ithintele umonakalo kwinyama, ukuthintela ukunxibelelana kwakhe nomoya kunye nayiphi na intsholongwane. Yayifanelekile kwabaphumelele iVictorins abangekazi ukuba basebenzise ifriji. Isipuni se-chill sahluleke ngecala elinye elibonileyo ukuze kube lula kakhulu ukuba bafumane iziqwenga ezimnandi kakhulu.
10. Scoop kunye netreyi ye-crumbs
Abaphumeleleyo babunyulu kunye nabanyanzelo, ngoko bakholelwa ukuba akukho nto imbi ngakumbi kune-crumbs kwitafile emva kwesidlo. Ke ngoko, nge-1850s, ibala elikhethekileyo laye lavalwa, apho abakhonzi bacoca itafile ukusuka nakweyiphi na imingxuma kunye neziqwenga zokutya. Ngokwesiqhelo zenziwe ngesilivere kwaye zinokuhonjiswa ngemigudu okanye imisitho yeentyatyambo. Isiphatho se-scoop enjalo senziwe ngeempondo zeendlovu, iperile okanye iinkuni.