Pavel Zyigmantich: "Nyaradzo Zone" - mazwi maviri anokanganisa hupenyu

Chokwadi iwe wakanzwa nezvenzvimbo yekunyaradza. Iyo psychologist Pavel Zygggmantvich inotaura chikonzero nei nepfungwa ye "Nyaradzo Zone" uye tamba kwazvo. Semutemo, pfungwa iyi inoshandiswa kukonzera mhosva yeiyo muteereri / mutariri / muverengi.

Sa, iwe haudi kurwira kuhukama matsva, nekuti uri munharaunda yekunyaradza. Ndo kana ukasiya nzvimbo yekunyaradza, iwe uchatanga kurwira maaizili matsva. Buda pakarepo kana kugara uye simbisa nekuda kwekuti iwe unotya kubuda kunze kwenzvimbo yekunyaradza, Salunai!

Nekuda kweizvozvo, vanhu vazhinji vevanhu vanotanga kunetseka - vanoti, Ini ndinogara, ini kazhinji ndinazvo zvakanaka, ndinogutsikana / asi iyi inzvimbo yekunyaradza, yakaipa mazviri, zvinoreva kuti chimwe chinhu chisina kunaka neni ini ndinogara munzvimbo yekunyaradza, asi ndisiri kukura, ndingakurega sei?

Ndokumbirawo usaseka - ndinogara ndichimhanya nematambudziko akadai nevatengi vangu. Mashoko maviri chete achingovaparadza hupenyu hwekukurumidza inflation.

Asi pane zvakawanda zvakaipisisa. Kana nzvimbo yekunyaradza iri kutanga kuridza munhu ari mudambudziko - semuenzaniso, mukadzi anodhaka. Sa, anogara naye chete nekuti inzvimbo yake yekunyaradza (iyi inzvimbo inodirisa yekunyaradza? Zvakasimba here?).

Zvese izvi zvinyoreso zvakatenderedza nzvimbo yekunyaradza vanopamba vanhu hupenyu, saka ngatibatane nezvazviri uye nezvinodyiwa chii.

Iko kune nzvimbo yekunyaradza

Pfungwa iyi yakaunzwa muna 1995 neAmerican Judith Judith M. Bervik mubhuku rinoti "njodzi munzvimbo yekunyaradza" (Judith M. Bardwick, "Dandger munzvimbo yekunyaradza").

Iri bhuku racho rakazvipira kuita sevashandi, nekuti Buritik pachayo ndeye manejimendi mazano (iyi ndiyo huru chiitiko). Ngozi iri munzvimbo yekunyaradza iri nyore - kana iri pasi penzira yacho zvakanaka (ivo vari munzvimbo yekunyaradza), ava zvidiki, maererano neBervik, tanga kushanda zvakanyanya.

Saka izvi kana kwete - hazvina basa. Teerera kune mumwe - tiri kutaura nezve maonero emusoro pane zvaanoona, izvo zvaanoona sechipo chinomubvumira kuti awane mari yakawanda. Zvakanaka, kana kusabvumira kana zviwanikwa zviri munzvimbo yekunyaradza.

Ndokunge, tiri kutaura nezvemamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo uye kongiri inotarisa pazviri.

Asi uripi hupenyu hwemunhu mumwe munhu? Nei zvichifanira kuitika kuti usiye nzvimbo yekunyaradza? Sei munzvimbo yekunyaradza yakaipa (uye nei, kana paine yakaipa, inzvimbo yekunyaradza)?

Hapana mhinduro. Nekuti kana kupindura, zvinoitika kuti hupenyu hwemunhu mumwe munhu haangoshande.

Nzvimbo yeiyo iri pedyo nekuvandudza

Panzvimbo peiyo isina kukodzera uye nekuda kweiyi pfungwa inokuvadza ye "nyaradzo zone", ini ndinokurudzira kushandisa iyo yakakodzera uye inobatsira pfungwa ye "nzvimbo yepedyo kukura". Ini ndakauya neiyi term soviet Psychologist Levents Vygotsky (iye akanyatsorova, pasina mapenzi - basa rake richiri kudzidza kutenderera nyika).

Iko kusarudzika kweiyo nzvimbo yepedyo yekuvandudza iri nyore - iyi ndeimwe mashandiro ayo munhu anogona kuita nekuchengetedza uye kutsigirwa nemumwe, munhu ane ruzivo. Mucheche anofamba kana mubereki anomubatsira. Mwana anokwira bhasikoro apo mubereki akabata bhasikoro kubva kumashure, mutsva anotungamira mota apo murayiridzi anozvisimbisa nezvake zvekufamba.

Munzvimbo yekukura kwepedyo, kudzidziswa kuri nyore uye kuri nyore, kufambira mberi kunogara kucherechedzwa, kukundikana kwakakosha. Nekuda kweizvozvo, munhu wacho ari kudzidza uye anova pasi pekuwanda uye akawanda mashandiro.

Ndeipi nzvimbo yeiyo nzvimbo yepedyo yekuvandudza nzvimbo yekunyaradza? Kutanga, kwesainzi yechokwadi (ona basa reVicsky uye vadzidzi vake).

Kechipiri, kana iwe uchingori kubuda munzvimbo yekunyaradza uye zvese, ipapo zvinhu zvese zvakajeka kune iyo nzvimbo yepedyo kukura - iwe unofanirwa kuona izvo zvausingazive kuti, uye sarudza zvaungaita kubva pane izvi kana kuchengetedzeka kweimwe munhu.

Yetatu, pfungwa ye "nzvimbo yeiyo yekutanga kukura" inobatsira kuyera mutoro wakakodzera. Kana zvakava zvakaoma zvakanyanya kana zvisiri zvese zvikaitika, zvinoreva kuti iwe wakasiya nzvimbo yekuvandudza iri pedyo munzvimbo yekuvandudzwa kweari, iwe uchiri kuenda pakutanga. Ingo idzoka uenderere mberi nekuita. Uyezve iyo nzvimbo yekusimudzira yeuyo ichava nzvimbo yekuvandudzwa kwemuvakidzani, uyezve iri pedyo (yakaongorora mutambo wemazwi?).

Saka dunhu rekuvandudza riri pedyo zvakanyanya rinobatsira seyakaitwa izwi.

Akadzidza Husununguko

Rimwe dambudziko nenzvimbo yekunyaradza rinopomedzerwa kune vese vari mumamiriro ezvinhu asina kugadzikana uye haabudi kubva kwavari. Zvichakadaro, munhu anogona kuramba ari mumamiriro asina kugadzikana nekuda kwekuiswa mune yakadzidza rubatsiro.

Iyo yakadzidza rubatsiro inzvimbo yakaratidza naMartin Seligman muna 1967. Iyo yakakosha yehurumende yakadaro - chisikwa chinoiswa mukushushikana kusingadzoreki uye mumugumo unorega kurwa. Izvo hazviedze kubuda mumamiriro ezvinhu kunyangwe pazvinogoneka. Neimwe nzira inozoitika kuti chisikwa chacho chisaone mukana uyu.

Maitiro aya akaonekwa mumakonzo, imbwa uye zvisina kunanga muvanhu. Nega - nekuti hapana munhu achabvumira kuyedza kwakadaro kuti apase vanhu, hazvina musoro.

Heano muenzaniso wakajeka wekuedza nezvekudzidza kusabatsira. Makonzo maviri ari mumasero akashongedzwa nekufambisa kwekutakura mvura. Rimwe rat rine pepa, uye yechipiri haina. Inowana mvura chete kana iyo yekutanga rat yakamanikidzwa pane iyo pedal. Iyo yechipiri rat haizive izvi uye inogara mukushushikana (mu - yakatsikirirwa - kusingadzoreki kushushikana). Mushure menguva yakati, iyo yechipiri rat inorwara kuti adzidzwe nekusabatsirwa. Panguva imwe chete iyoyo, hapana zviratidzo zvekutsamwa zvakacherechedzwa - renje remhuka rakanga raringana.

Chinhu chimwe chetecho chinoitika nevamwe vakadzi vechidhakwa - varume vanogadzira kushushikana kusingadzoreki, uye vakadzi vanonyudzwa mumamiriro ekusabatsira kwekusabatsira. Nyura iwe pachako - uye haugone kubva kune varume vakadaro.

Maitiro Ekuita Nezve Mamiriro Ekubatsira Kwakadzidza HERE? Tsvaga mikana yekudzosera pfungwa yekudzora pamusoro pemamiriro acho ezvinhu. Hazvisi nyore, asi pamwe.

Nekudaro, kana munhu auudza kuti iye, iwe unonzwisisa, anogara munzvimbo yekunyaradza, mhanza iri saka, haibatsire kuchinja mamiriro ezvinhu zvachose. Zvinobatsira chete kurongedza kunzwa kwemhosva uye zvinonyadziswa - vanoti, Ndiri pano mupfupi, ndinogara munzvimbo yekunyaradza, handigoni kubuda mazviri, sezvazviri nyore.

Sezvauri kuona, hapana nzvimbo yekunyaradza haina kunhuwa pano.

Zvese : Nzvimbo yekunyaradza izita risingazivikanwe renhema rakaunzwa kurondedzera rwiyo rwakati wandei mune imwe mamiriro. Kuendesa kuhupenyu hwemunhu ane njodzi. Panzvimbo penzvimbo ye "Nyaradzo Zone", zviri nani kushandisa pfungwa ye "zone yesimba iri pedyo", iyo inopa nzwisiso chaiyo yezviitiko zvinoitika. Uyezve, zvakakosha kuti uzive nezvevakadzidza kusabatsira uye kusashora vanhu mukusvika, asi kubatsira kuwana kutonga kwemamiriro acho ezvinhu.