Pakati pemaguta akanganwa uye akarasika, Mambaaza inogara munzvimbo inokosha, uye kwete chete nekuti iri munjodzi. Kana nhoroondo yechisikwa uye nekukurumidza taura neiyo Mangazea yakajeka uye zvakajeka, chimwe chakavanzika chakabatana nekudonha kwake uye kufungidzira, ndedzevanyori venhoroondo nevanochera matongo uye vanochera matongo uye vanochera matongo vari kuedza kugadzirisa.
Pamahombekombe emafungu egwenga
Mahombekombe eRwizi rweSiberia Tazi uye nhasi haagone kunzi mupenyu - nzvimbo dzekugara dzakaringana, uye zvakasikwa zviri kurova nekukanganisa kwavo. Uye muCerezari yeYemakore, apo Pomra paakaonekwa pano, iyi nharaunda uye yakaonekwa zvachose semupendero wenyika. Mumabhuku ekare, madzinza anorarama kumabvazuva kweObi akadaidzwa kuti "Monils": Iri izwi rinobva kune yekare yeKomi mutauro weKomi-zyryan uye zvinoreva kuti "vanhu vevatsigiri". Nekufamba kwenguva, zita remadzinza rakashanduka muzita renzvimbo: PaMepu dzakakweverwa neChirungu A. Jenkins, zvinoratidzwa se "Mirgomosis". Gare gare muchimiro che "Mangazea" yakava zita reguta.
PoMorroes munzvimbo idzi dzakareva zviitiko zvekutakura: Pakutanga vakaenda kuYamal mugungwa, uyezve kudhonza ngarava yavo neeninsula (izvi zvikanzi "mhumhi"), yakaenda kune ripple. Zvinotendwa kuti yaive pomas kuti nguva yekutanga yechando pane yeTaazi rwizi rwakasimbiswa. Ivo vakaudzawo vatongi veMosu nezve kusaziva kwefuma yedunhu reHarsh.
Uye hupfumi hwaive hukuru: Walrus maals, many bhinzi, uye, zvakanyanya kukosha, iwo mhodzi. Imwe ganda renje, yakatengwa kubva kumukova pamhenderekedzo yeiyo pelvis, yakarondedzerwa mutengesi mune makumi mana eku koracks; Kana iyo fungidziro ikatorwa mubhizinesi, yaifanira kubhadhara rubu yejasi rakadaro. Uye mumisika yeWestern Europe yejasi rejasi raigona kuwanikwa mazana matatu rubles! Hazvishamisi kuti nyika munguva pfupi yaishuvira kumanikidza marara ake ane simba kune pfuma iyi uye kutora kutonga kwekutonga.
"Kuda" Mangaasey
Kune chinangwa chake - mahombekombe ePelvis - The Conachment yeM. Shakhovosky na D. Chreiopv vaifanira kuitwa nenzira yehondo: Vakavarwisa vabati veSelkup. Chinenge chetatu chemusoja akawira muhondo, akarara pasi penyika inotonhora yemumwe munhu. Asi pakanga pasina chisarudzo: Havana kuenda kuPolar, uye nekutaura kwaMambo Boris Mwariiv. Kupukunyuka muhondo kwasvikwa uye kwakaradzikwa muna 1600. Ostrog pamazororo akasiyiwa. Saka Mangaze akaoneka.
Vakapererwa, vakauya danda rinobva kuTobolsk naBerezov, mazana maviri anosvika neVaivhe. Zvakava pachena: kuve guta idzva. Uye zvechokwadi, Mangazews anokudziridzwa nekumhanya kunoshamisa: Mumakore akati wandei, kormlin hombe rose, makereke nedzimba. Kunyangwe kunyange munguva yeiyo heyday, huwandu hwesingaperi hweMangazea hwaive husina hukuru - vanhu vanopfuura chiuru chimwe nemazana, iro guta rakarohwa nekudyarwa. Vagari veMangazey vakaburitsa siliks uye velvet, mumigwagwa yakavezwa nemapuranga, uye mahwindo eimba yevarombo vaive matenga - muchikamu cheEurope cheRussia chaivepo kune hwakapfuma chete. Asi, pamwe, chiratidzo chinoshamisa cheupfumi ndewekuchera matongo emichero emakomba ePlum uye Cherry Mapfupa: Muzana 17 century. Mangazeitsemogli kuti ubudirire kuendesa nguva dzose mumuchero wechibereko.
Kunyangwe akasimba kupfuura hupfumi, Mangaze akashamiswa neboka revanhu vakasiyana-siyana. Padivi reSelkups neSnets muMalitsa, vakapfuma vatengesi vakadzingwa mumhenhers neminhenga, uye neMoscow "pakafunuka" neyekuperekedzwa neiyo archangeloo guta. Masikati neusiku, muguta rekutengeserana kwembudzi, iyo yakaunza purofiti huru. Vanyori venhoroondo vanofungidzirwa kuti mugore kubva kuMangazeri kumadokero vakatorwa vanhu zviuru makumi matatu chete vega ega matehwe, uye pakanga paine nziyo neKuni, uye squirrels of fur. Zvemabasa ehupfumi uye nechisimba, Mangaze anonzi "zlatokuling".
Chakavanzika chekunyangarika kweMangazia
Kuzvidzivirira kwehuni, uko kwakashandura maMangeze kuenda kuguta-ngano, kwakatora nguva refu - makore anenge makumi mana. Kwenguva yakati, Mambaeusi akapfeka kuvapo kwakaita sokupedzisira, asi muna 1672 Garrison yakaendeswa kuYenisei. Uye guta rakanyangarika, rakaenda kunyika yeTealcepasal. Kutenda chete kuedza kwevanochera matongo vakatanga kuchera nguva dzose muma1960s, tinoziva kuti Mangazeus haisiri ngano, asi guta chairo. Asi chii chakaitika kwaari? Nei vanhu, vachitonga nemhedzisiro yekuchera, ichangobva ikoko?
Vanyori venhoroondo vanosundira kanokwana matatu shanduro dzekudonha kweMangazeys. Maererano neyekutanga, basa rekuuraya rakaridzwa neiyo chaiyo, yekutanga, mambo Mikhail Romanov muna 1720 akarambidzwa kushambira negungwa muMangazea, uye mushure mechinguva chidiki, muna 1729, vaviri vatsva vanosvika, A. Palkitsyn naG. KOKOV, vakaseka uye vakarongedzwa muhondo yevagari veguta mukuda. Guta rakatanga kuKisimusi uye zvishoma nezvishoma ugas. Imwe vhezheni yeVinit parufu rweMambozi Moto ndi 1642, akaparadza chaizvo guta rakawanda. Uye maererano neshanduro yechitatu, kutsakatika zvishoma nezvishoma kwechikara furiki ndiko kwekunyangarika zvishoma nezvishoma kwechibharo, hapana chigadzirwa - hapana chekutengeserana, hapana chekugara nevagari.
Sezvazviri pachiri pachiri, hatizive, uye hazviiti kuti kuwedzeredzwa kwevanochera matongo kuchazombopa mhinduro kwayo. Zviripachena kuti chimwe: Mangazea ndeimwe yekutanga munyika yemaguta ehuputi, uye kunyangwe akatadza kuganhurira kwenguva yakareba, nheyo yayo yave chiitiko chakakosha mukuvandudzwa kwehupfumi hweSiberia.
Zvakakodzera kutaura kuti Russia inoshamisa uye yakapfuma mune zvinokwezva nyika. Aya mapikicha makumi maviri neshanu emamwe akasarudzika anokwezva anova kuvaona, uye pamwe.