Wu Jiancün.
Umunyamerika Inkomoko y'Abashinwa Inkomoko y'abashinwa, yakoraga muri fiziki ashyira uburambe bwa Wu, yagaragaye ko atabitayeho mu buryo butagaragara mu mikoranire idakomeye (kuburyo bivuze). Wu yigishije muri kaminuza za Princeton na Columbiya na Bagufi ba bagenzi be babiri, Lee na Yang, bamuhaye ubushakashatsi kugirango bagenzure neza ibitekerezo byabo bishya. Wu yateje imbere uburambe kandi ivuguruza lee na yana. Ikigaragara ni uko yanga yang yakiriye Nobeli, kandi ntiyitariho. Benshi muri bagenzi benshi babonye ko bigaragaza igitsina, ariko rero nta burakari bukabije. Utiriwe wakiriye igihembo cy'umutimana na Nobel, yanditse igitabo cya desktop kuri beta cyegera amarafifiya n'ibibazo byose byitwa societe y'Abanyamerika.Charlotte Perryan.
Niba wafashe umushushanya imbere imbere mugihugu cye usanzwe kandi ubaze icyo atekereza kuri Le Corbusier, ugomba kumva uburyo ibikoresho byo mu buryo buherereye bidasanzwe nibindi. Ibinyomoro bigezweho, ibidukikije bya laconique, ibigo byimurikana - byose ntibitwara nta mwimerere cyangwa igikomakora mubikorwa bye. Hagati aho, ibyo bita "imitekerereze yo mu mico" yatangiye kugaragara muri LE Corbusier nyuma yayo, kuri we kuva ku bya kabiri, Charlotte Perrian yaciwe mu 1927. (Ku nshuro ya mbere, Databuja yohereje Ravoisi akoresheje amagambo "Ntabwo duhana umusego hano").
Urebye umurimo wa Perrian ku imurikagurisha ry'impemu i Paris, umwubatsi washushanijwe kandi yinjije bike kuruta icyamamare. Ikigaragara ni uko abubatsi-umwubatsi, beto, beto, kuko imirimo yose muri studio ye yashyize kashe yitwa izina rye. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ku mirimo ya Charlotte Perrian Izina rye ryahindutse icya kabiri. Abaturage bibutse ikirango cyamamajwe kandi rwibagirwa umwanditsi mu buryo butaziguye. Ni ubusa, kubera ko Charlotte yari umushushanya neza kandi ashushanya ibintu bidasanzwe: yahaye ubuzima bw'iryo shusho Scandinavike, arokora umwanya wo kuzigama ku isi hose), yateje imbere imikorere ya none y'ibikoresho ... yateguwe a Couple ya SKI yidagadura! Mu ijambo, ni intarakirano nyayo. Nibyiza, urashobora Google, kurugero, Chandigarh, umujyi wubatse rwose Le Corbusier. Birumvikana ko ntacyo twumvikana mububatsi, ariko urutonde rwinyubako zitunganya amagorofa atanu yabuze intebe nziza ya Charlotte hamwe nibintu byibikoresho bisanzwe. Rimwe na rimwe, yego nibyiza, reka abadayiro bwubatsi batugirire.
Emmy Nether.
Emmy Nether yari umwe mu bagore bakomeye bo mu kinyejana cya makumyabiri: Yatanze umusanzu munini ku mibare, topologiya na fiziki. Nk'uko impuguke zivuga ko urwego rwavumbuwe rugereranywa n'imirimo ya Mariya Maria curie. Ariko inzira ya Emmy Nether mumibare irababaje cyane kandi amahwa. Yabaye umunyamwuga wihariye muri kaminuza ya Götaden gusa nyuma yumuntu benshi mubarimu mumyaka myinshi yinginga ubuyobozi bwa kaminuza gutanga umushahara no gutanga byibura umwanya runaka. Paradoxique, ariko umugore mwiza cyane imibare yarokotse kuri bourse ntoya (yateguwe numuryango waho). Nta mwanya wafashe muri kaminuza, asoma ibiganiro akigisha abanyeshuri. Nibyiza, ntugashyire umugore gukora ibi byose, ndetse no kumugaragaro!
Yiswe nyina wa algebra ugezweho. Andika gusa ibice byose byimibare na fiziki aho yagize, byarahindutse, cyangwa bifite ishingiro - bifite urupapuro ruhagije. Ibiranga abagore muri siyansi, Emmy ntabwo afite imidano, ibihembo cyangwa ibihembo, usibye kopi ntoya, yagabanije umunyeshuri we. Ariko igihe Emmy yapfaga (atamenyekanye, wenyine, mu gihugu cy'undi, nk'uko we, ava mu Budage), umuryango waje mu mutwe kandi ategeka ko ari bourse icumi, kandi, iyo habaye buruse, kandi, Yitwa kandi ikiramu kuruhande rwukwezi nizina rye. Na Einstein, mu bandi, bavuga ko mu bandi, nk'uko muri make), bitagira neza, kandi nta muntu n'umwe wari uhari.
Henrietta Livitt
Henrietta, amaze kubona impamyabumenyi ihanitse, yabonye umufasha wa Porofeseri w'inyenyeri kandi akora amafoto y'abatonganya n'ishusho y'inyenyeri. Nibyiza, birasa - kora akazi gato kumadorari icumi mugihe cyo kurambirwa. Ariko oya, Henrietta Livitt yavumbuye imiterere myinshi ashingiye ku mashusho yifoto yinyenyeri, tukekwaho abahanga bashobora gupima uburemere ubwo aribwo bwose muri galaxy no mumahanga. Muri icyo gihe, yafunguye inyenyeri zirenga 2400 (kandi ibi byose - udafite umufasha, amadeni, ariko afite ubuzima budakomeye kandi buzuye buzuye ubumuga bwo kutumva).
Abahanga benshi bo muri Suwede, umusanzu utangaje kuri siyansi, wahisemo gutoradatiye kandi igihembo cyitiriwe Nobel. Ariko nta kintu na kimwe cyasohotse: Nobel ntabwo itanga icyo gihe, kandi Livitt ntiyabayeho mbere yo kumenyekana.
Rosalind Franklin
Mu 1952, yashoboye gukora radiografiya, yabaye icyemezo cyimiterere ya ADN. Umugore rwose warengeje ibinyabuzima byose yaje kuri iyi foto igihemarake kandi, nkuko byari byitezwe, inzira yamahwa. Ariko nyuma yo gufungura kumva, laurels ako kanya ntabwo yakurikiza.
Abashakashatsi bemeza ko ifoto yibwe gusa muri Franklin, kandi hashingiwe ku ishusho yavuyemo, abo mukorana muri laboratoire bashoboye gutangaza akazi kabo icyarimwe na Franklin. Kubera iyo mpamvu, igihembo cya Nobel cyagiye mu butatu, kandi Rozalind yakiriwe kubera ibikorwa bihoraho n'imirasire ya X-ray yapfuye mu buryo butunguranye, mu gihe atarokotse igihembo.
Ikuzimu
Urukundo nurugero rwiza rwumutungo mwiza ukura udafite se. Umusizi Byron, udategura uburwayi (cyangwa ikindi kintu), bwarazimiye mugihe umwana yari ukwezi gusa. Ariko, ntibishoboka kuvuga ko byagize ingaruka mbi kumuriro utagira ikuzimu: Yize Euclidean geometrie, ikora imibare kandi ihindura imibare yimibare ya siyansi. Umunsi umwe, ikuzimu makumyabiri na semilenia yari azi isabukuru ya cumi na rimwe kandi ifite ubuhanga bwa Charles Babird Babird Babird babitangaza ngo "kubara itandukaniro", mu ijambo, bakusanyije ikintu nk'icyiza cyambaye ubusa kandi cyegerana Kubara kwa cree hation kubyo bakeneye ibikenewe byubwongereza.
Yishimiye guhuza inzira kandi azana algorithm kugirango asobanure imibare ya Bernoulla. Umuryango wisi muri iki gihe wemerewe ko aribwo gahunda yambere ya mudasobwa yashyizwe mubikorwa kugirango ikine kuri mudasobwa. Nibyo, kandi muri rusange, Ada yunvise kubyerekeye "imodoka ya Babba" kuruta ubwabuwe ubwe, bwahanuye ko ejo hazaza hari inyuma yiki kimenyetso no imbere ya mudasobwa.
Kumenyekana ntibyaje ku mva ikuzimu mu gihe cy'ubuzima: Yasohoye umurimo munsi y'intangiriro (kuberako ubuzima bw'umukobwa wa Victorian bukuyemo amasomo y'ubuhanga), kandi apfa mu maraso yamaraso), kandi atabonye kugeza ku mpera z'imodoka yakusanyirijwe (kubera ko imiti ya Victorian ni Byoherejwe nabantu bazima)
Susan Joselin Bell.
Ubwato bwakuye ubwana bwakundaga inyenyeri, twiganye kandi twinjiraga ishuri rya postbraduate ya kaminuza ya Cambridge. Gukusanya ibikoresho byo gutangazwa kwe, Susan yabonye ikintu kidasanzwe. Yimukiye buri munsi na metero mirongo itatu yamakuru kuva abagenzuzi ba radio Telekokoko, kugeza igihe bazagera ku myanzuro runaka. Yabaye rero kuvumbura.
Anthony Hewish, umugenzuzi Susan, yabanje kumwirengagiza. Bell yashoboye kumwumvisha ngo akomeze ubushakashatsi kandi amaherezo, bwerekanye ko yabonye icyiciro gishya cyibintu bya atstronomical. Utekereza ko byagenze bite? Nibyo, igihembo cyitiriwe Nobel. Ariko ntabwo gusa susan Josel Josese, na Anthony Hewish (neza, yaramwumvaga, amaherezo) na mugenzi we Martin Rile.
Lou Salome
Umufana uwo ari we wese wa Nietzbuja azi ko Salome Salome ari kumwe numugore umwe wamennye umutima. Abahanga mu by'umuhanga mu byibuka ko Lou w'imyaka 36 yafashe munsi y'ibaba ry'umusizi w'imyaka 21, wagumanye ibyiyumvo byuje ubwuzu. Benshi babonye ifoto, aho Saloa Lou arabyuka, abizi, amenyesheje uru rubanza, yafashwe mu wa Wagon umwe wa filozofiya ari mwiza na filozofiya Paul Ryoo. Muri make, imyidagaduro yumudamu udafite kireruye iragaragara.
Hagati aho, ntabwo abantu bose bibuka ko kimwe cya kane cya Lou Salome ya Lou Salome yakoreshejwe na Sigmund Fthund, aba umwe mu munyeshuri we mwiza. Mu myaka mirongo itanu, Lu Salome yigaruriye psychoanalysise, yatangajwe ingingo zigera kuri 139 za siyansi, igitabo kiri kuri psyitic psychesches. Kuva mu 1914 kugeza 1937, gutura i Göttitin, yakoraga, afungura, afungura imitekerereze nini ya psychotherapetic. Ntibisanzwe ko ubwanwa bwa Nietzsche yamenetse ubwenge buhebuje bwumugore wafashaga abantu icumi kandi batange umusanzu wa psychoanalyse.