Mu mateka yose, hari kirazira ku ishyingirwa hamwe na bene wabo. Uyu munsi birazwi ko ibi byari byuzuye kuri gence zishinzwe ubutabazi, biganisha ku ndwara nyinshi zikabije, nka Hemofiya, kimwe n'ibishoboka byose, bishobora kuba ingirabuzimafatizo ziganje mu muryango bakora imidero. Byashoboka gutekereza ko abantu bazwi kandi bafite ubwenge batigeze bemera ibyo, ariko ntabwo buri gihe byari bimeze gutya.
1 herbert.
Umwe mu mitego y'ibihimbano bya siyanse ya none, uwahaye isi ku isi nk '"igihe cy'isi" n' "intambara y'isi" n '"intambara y'isi", mu 1891 yari umwigisha usanzwe wa siyanse. Mu myaka 25, yahungabanijwe nibibazo byubuzima nibibazo byamafaranga. Iyi miterere yariyongereye gusa igihe yashyingirwaga imyaka 25 kuri mubyara we w'imyaka 16 Paussal Mariya. Mu 1894, baratandukanye (bakurikije amakuru atandukanye, kubwumvikane cyangwa kubwo gutsindwa na Herbert), kandi muri uwo mwaka neza neza yashakanye na Amy Robbins, umwe mu bahoze ari umunyeshuri.
Mubukwe bwe bwose, amayeri ntabwo yari ashyigikiye gusa urujya n'urukundo rurekuye: Yaratoze. Muri nyirabuja harimo n'abanditsi bubahwa muri kiriya gihe, nka guhiga violet. Yakuye inkike ibibazo byinshi. Mugenzi we hubert bland yatsinze umwanditsi igitabo n'umukobwa we Rosamund, kandi igihe runaka Pembert yiteguye amariba, agambiriye kurasa umwanditsi kubwimpamvu imwe. Ibyiza ubwe ntiyigeze ahakana ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose, avuga kuri we: "Ndi umuntu wiyandarika. Nahigaga abantu bankunda. " Ntabwo bishobora kuba bitangaje kuba umuntu ufite iboneza nkiyi yashakanye na mubyara.
2 Claudius
Claudius afatwa nk'umwe mu batangabuhamya (cyangwa byibuze abandi bahawe) abami ba Roma ya kera. Igihe kimwe, umwami w'abami w'Abaroma yatsindiye Ubwongereza kandi yaguye imbibi z'igihugu muri Afurika y'Amajyaruguru, mu gihe igihe cyo kwandika hafi ya 28 mu mateka mu kigereki (cyane cyane ku mateka ya Etruscans). Nta muntu n'umwe washoboraga gutekereza ko umwami w'abami arongora umuvandimwe, kandi ni iki ... urebye ko yabaye umwami, maze kuba abasenateri n'abasirikare benshi n'abasirikare benshi bagerageje kumwica mu myaka ya mbere.
Ubu ishyingiranwa rya gatatu rya Claudia, hamwe nishywa wa Agrippina muto (mushiki wa Agrigite) mubyukuri yarangije ikibaho cye. Kuva mu ntangiriro, Agrippina ntiyasobanutse kandi yemeza umwami kumwita umuhungu we uzamusimbura, nubwo Claudia yari akiri muto muri kiriya gihe. Agrippina yatsimbarije ibihumyo bya nyirarume / umugabo igihe umuhungu we (wabaye Umwami) afite imyaka 16. Kuba yanze mugihe Nero atabaye umuntu mukuru wakuze gufata intebe, yari intego. Nibyo, Claudia yari ikwiye kwitega, kubera ko Agrippin yakekwaho kuba yarangiza panina ye ya Pasina.
3 Albert Einstein
Ahanini, uyu mupayiniya mu bijyanye na fiziki yibukwa kubera umurimo waryo, cyane cyane "inyigisho rusange y'ubusa", yakoze impinduramatwara mu gusobanukirwa ibintu, igihe n'imbaraga. Nukuri, abantu bose babonye amashusho ya Einstein afite umusatsi udatishyurwa. Ariko mu minsi ya mbere, igihe umuhanga agikora ku nyigisho ze z'igishushanyo, yakoze uko bisa nkaho ari bibi ndetse n'amahame yo gushyingirwa cyane.
Mu 1903, Einstein yashakanye na mugenzi wawe mugenzi wa Physics Milece Maric. Icyo gihe bari bafite umukobwa udashyingiranwa utarageza ku mwaka mbere yigitabo, cyatangiye mu 1897. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, mu 1912, Einstein yahise ababaza ibyiyumvo kuri mubyara we Elsa, kubaho abigiraho mbere. Mu 1919, Einstein yahukanye n'umugore we wa mbere, nubwo mu 1917 yari amaze kwimukira i Elsa, wabanaga n'abakobwa be bombi bava mu ishyingiranwa rirangirana no gutandukana. Kandi ibi ntabwo aribyose bya fiziki kabyibushye. Mu 1918, Einstein yagaragazaga cyane kutareka Elz kuri ... Umukobwa we wa mbere, wakoraga nk'umunyamabanga.
4 Cleopatra
Umuryango mumateka yose yabantu yafatwaga nkimico y'urukundo nka Cleopatra. Ni ukuri, abantu bose bumvise umubano we ushishikaye na Julia Sezari na Mark Anthony, baviriyemo abana bane, babangamiye ejo hazaza h'Ubwami bw'Abaroma. Ndetse no kutavuga umubano we na Ptolém Xiii (kandi ubu buragaragara ntamuntu numwe wifuza gukundana).
Muri 51 BC Cleopatra yinjiye mu ntebe nyuma y'urupfu rwa se, Ptolémée Xii. Icyo gihe yari afite imyaka 18, maze arongora murumuna we Ptolémée Xiii, wari ufite imyaka 10 gusa. Amasezerano nk'aya ntiyari kusanzwe muri kiriya gihe: Se Cleopatra yashakanye na mushiki we wa rohone hakurikijwe umuco. Igihe cyo kuzamuka ku ntebe ya barumuna bakuru na bashiki bacu ntibyatsinze, kuko muri icyo gihe Misiri yibasiye inzara n'ubukungu. Ibi byagize uruhare mu kuba Cleopatra n'umugabo we amaherezo bashimangiye intambara y'abenegihugu, kandi igihe Julius Sezari yagize icyo afata murumuna we 47 mbere ya Yesu, yishe murumuna we mbere ya mbere mu mateka abantu.
5 Edgar Allan
Umwanditsi wa Gothique wumunyana numusizi, wabaye inzira nyayo yinzira nyayo y '"ubwoko bw'amayobera", nabyo "yabivuze ku butaka bwamaraso. Edgar yashakanye na mubyara we Virginia afite imyaka 27, kandi yari afite imyaka 13 gusa. Yabanaga na we kuva mu myaka irindwi. Itandukaniro mu bihe hagati yabo byari byiza cyane ku buryo Edgar imyaka myinshi yakoraga nk'umurezi wihariye w'umugore we.
Hariho inshuro nyinshi zo kurinda ubu bukwe. Bamwe bavugaga ko abashakanye bategereje imyaka itari mike mbere yo gutegura ku mugaragaro gushyingirwa, kandi ko bamaze gushyingiranwa gusa, Edgar ntabwo yari afite impamvu zemewe n'amategeko zo kuva muri Virginia "hamwe na we". " Umuvandimwe ukize nyuma y'urupfu rwa nyina. Ni ubuhe butumwa nyabwo, kuba umwanditsi yabayeho hamwe n'umugore we mbere y'urupfu rwe afite imyaka 24 uhereye ku gituntu akomeje kuba impamo.
6 James Watt
Uru rurimi rwa Scottish-ubukanishi na geodeyyeriste bakunze guhanga kuva kuri moteri ya Steam, ariko ntabwo aribyo. Nkako, yafashe nk'ishingiro ry'imodoka ya Newken yihuta, yari afite imyaka irenga 50, akazitezimbere. Ibi byatanze imbaraga zikomeye kuri revolution yinganda. Muri icyo gihe, abantu bake bazi ubuzima bwumuryango we, ni ukuvuga ko mu 1764 yashakanye na mubyara wa Margaret Miller.
Kuba ishyingiranwa ryabo ryateye imbere neza, mu nyandiko z'amateka aho byabitswe gato. Birazwi ko ishyingiranwa ryabo ryamaze imyaka icyenda (kugeza ku rupfu rwa Margaret), kandi ko yibarutse abana batandatu. Watt ntabwo yari hafi ya Margaret mugihe cyurupfu rwe, ubwo yashakaga cyane akazi mubwongereza. Mu 1776, yashakanye na Ann McGregor, wamuhaye abandi bana babiri.
7 Atarialpa
Mbere yo gutera abatsinze, imyifatire yumuco ku bashakanye b'amaraso muri Amerika yo hagati no mu majyepfo yari itandukanye cyane. Mu ngoma ya Azitecs, byasuzumwe, ari icyaha gikomeye, nubwo muri kimwe mu mirimo y'ibanze yaho, imana yabo nyamukuru cetalcoatl spyan yashakanye na mushiki we. Icyakora, mu ngoma Incas, umwami w'abami yari akeneye kurongora umwe mu bagize umuryango. Hariho imigani ebyiri zinyuranye, zagombaga kuba isoko yingoma incas: Manco Kapack yashakanye na nyina cyangwa ingoma yashinzwe na bashiki bacu bane yashakanye na barumuna bane. Ariko, ubukwe nk'ubwo bwari bukwiye ku ishuri ritegeka gusa. Umuntu usanzwe mugihe habaye urumuri rushobora kwiringira ko yatewe ubwoba amaso cyangwa yicwa.
Byabaye rero ko Atauxpa yashakanye na mushiki we igihe yari umwami wa nyuma w'ingoma inca. Yayoboye intambara y'abenegihugu muri murumuna we Huascar mu gihe Espagne akinjira ku nkombe za Peru iyobowe na Francisco Pizarro. Kumenya ko Abesipanyoli bushobora kubohora murumuna we akayashyira ku ntebe y'ubwami, Ataalpa yategetse ko Huascara yiciwe. Ni uku kwicwa hamwe nubukwe bwamaraso Ataalpi byakoreshwaga nkurwitwazo rwumwami.
8 Umwami weror Suinin
Igihe cy'inama y'ubutegetsi bw'impano za Tang mu kinyejana cya Valii cyari kimwe mu myaka ya zahabu y'imyaka y'ubushinwa nigihe umuco wabashinwa wagize ingaruka zikomeye ku Buyapani. Kimwe mu bisubizo by'iyi byari impinduka muri taboos y'Ubuyapani. Igihe yari mu Bushinwa, abashyingiranywe cyane ntibyari bitemewe kuva amateka yabo yatangira, mu Buyapani mu binyejana byinshi byo gushyingirwa mu miryango y'ibwami harimo ibintu bisanzwe.
Muri bo, Umwami wa 11 Suinin, washatse mubyara we Sakhochime mu kinyejana cya mbere cyigihe cyacu. Byari byiza, kubera ko ari kimwe mu bintu bike bizwi kuri we, kandi kubera ko haboneka kubura abandi bandi makuru yizewe kuri Suinin yateje imbere ko yiswe "Legerindari." Ntibisanzwe ko byari bimwe mubintu bike byabitswe byerekeranye numuyobozi wigihugu, amategeko afite mumyaka 99.
9 Charles Darwin
Umuntu wakoze impinduramatwara mu gusobanukirwa ibinyabuzima b'abantu binyuze mu gusobanura abantu "inyigisho y'ubwihindurize." Ariko, kubanditsi b'amoko ", ubukwe kuri mubyara we EMme wa Vedzhwood mu 1838 yari isoko y'ikiruhuko, bitandukanye n'abashakanye bose basobanuye haruguru.
Bane Darwin yari afite abana 10, kandi Chales yasobanukiwe neza ko abashakanye bashobora gutera ibibazo byubuzima. Batatu bapfaga bapfuye bazize indwara zandura mu bwana. Urupfu rutazwi cyane ni urupfu rwa Charles rwarwanaga mu 1858, kubera ko Darwin yahatiwe kubura kwerekana ikibazo cya mbere cyo kwerekana ko "inyigisho y'ubwihindurize" kwitabira gushyingura. Ndetse no ku bantu babayeho ku bantu bakuru, Darwin yavuze ko ubuzima bwabo "butazizewe." Darwin agera ku buryo ahindukirira guverinoma y'Abongereza abisaba gukora ubushakashatsi kuri bene wabo bubatse n'ubuzima bw'abazabakomokaho, ariko icyifuzo cye cyaranze.
10 Philipo II Icyesipanyoli
Mu kinyejana cya XVI, Espagne yari ku mpinga y'ubutegetsi mu gihe cy'Inama ya Filipo II. Kandi igihe kirekire mbere yuko gitangira kuvuga ku Bwami bw'Ubwongereza, "izuba ntibyigeze ryicarana" hejuru y'Ubwami bwa Espagne. Usibye Espagne, Ubuholandi no mu Burayi bwo mu Burayi, yagenzuye hafi kimwe cya kabiri cya Amerika yepfo kandi arenga hafi ya Amerika yepfo kandi arenga kimwe cya kabiri cya Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika, tutibagiwe na Filipine. Ingoma iringaniza itegeko rizwi rya Habsburgs rizwiho gushyingirwa cyane. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, Filipo wa AI yagiye no kure cyane y'abami benshi, nk'uko yashakanye na bene wabo inshuro enye.
Mu mizo ya mbere, yashakanye na Maria Porutugali, mubyara (se na nyina), wari warapfuye nyuma yimyaka itatu, yateje igikomangoma Carlos, wagize ibibazo byubuzima byasaga neza. Hanyuma arongora Maria Tudor, mubyara we n'umukobwa Heinrich VIII. Amaze gupfa w'indwara, Filipo ya yohereje icyifuzo cyo gushaka Elizabeti, sinabona igisubizo (kubera ibyo imyigomo rwa Scossetish yamushyigikiraga). Noneho Filipo II yashakanye na mushiki wa Elizabeth ya Rosulor (ubu bushyi mu bushakashatsi bwamaze imyaka icyenda). Hanyuma, umugore wa nyuma wa Filipo yari mwishywa we Anna Otirishiya. Ubukwe bwa nyuma bwamaze imyaka 10 kandi, uko bigaragara, byari bihagije kuri Filipo wa II, kuko yamaze imyaka umunani y'ubuzima bwe wenyine.