Gukoresha parufe ishimishije, tubona umunezero nyawo wo guhumeka impumuro ye. Impumuro itangwa n'ubushake bwacu, itera ibyiyumvo bivanze byo kwishima, amayobera, ishyaka n'ibyishimo kuri bose. Parufe nisi y'amayobera ifite amateka n'imigenzo yayo. Ni ryari parufe ya mbere yavutse kandi ikora iterambere rya parumbu? Muri iki kibazo, tuzagerageza kumva neza ingingo yacu.
Parufe ya mbere yakoreshejwe ryari?
Amateka ya parufe ava mumizi yacyo mugihe cya Egiputa ya kera, Babuloni n'Ubugereki. Abapadiri kugira ngo bakore imihango yabo, mummificame kandi ibitambo byatwitse ibyatsi, imizi n'ibimera hagamijwe impumuro ya Aroma yatangajwe kugira ngo bashishikarize abantu batandukanye gutekereza ku cyerekezo kimwe no gusobanukirwaga ishingiro ry'Imana.
Abantu ba mbere bari bazi ko, yuzura ibisibo nigiti, bishobora kunoza uburyohe bwibiryo. Nyuma yigihe, ibicunga byatangiye gukoresha ku gicaniro no mu nsengero. Bakomoka ku nkomoko y'inkomoko.
Abanyamisiri bakoreshwaga aromamasla mu gihe cy'ubuhango no mu buryo bwihishe;
Abanyaroma ba kera bateje amavuta yo kwamavumba no kunywa itabi kubuvuzi;
Abarabu n'Abazabuliziya byihariye mu ibirungo impumuro, kandi nazo zashoboye kubona impumuro ziva mu bimera kubera amakosa (umuvuzi wa Avinicena yahimbye amazi yijimye);
Abagereki bahora baguma mu ngendo zo mu nyanja ryafunguwe kandi bazana impumuro nshya mu gihugu cyabo.
Ingingo ishimishije: Kumenyera kwihariye kwa parufe muri Egiputa ya kera byakiriwe ku ngoma y'ubwami bw'umwamikazi Cleopatra. Abashutse b'abanyacyubahiro bigenga bagize indirimbo za parufe, zikoreshwa neza mu mubiri. Abami ba kera b'Abaroma, nka Caligula, Nero n'abandi, bahumura cyane. Patricia, yigana ubukuru bwabo, yakoresheje ingeso nke yo kunuka akamenyero keza. Parufe rero ikwirakwira.
Parufe mu Burayi bwa Barbaric
Kuva kera, Barbara ntacyo yabonye bidasanzwe mumibavu myiza kandi ikomeye. Mu nama y'Abalegisiki y'Abaroma ku karere kabo, ikibazo cyo guteza imbere imibavu cyateye imbere mu buryo runaka. Ariko nyuma yo kugwa k'ubwami bw'Abaroma inkota yiteguye kandi innov, gusenga byongeye guhishura mu isazi.
Mugihe c'urukuba, ibintu bimeze n'imibavu mu Burayi bwa kera byabaye ngombwa. Knight, ugaruka mu bihugu byo mu mahanga, byazanye abadamu babo b'umutima neza, maze akunzwe Amfre. Kurugero, imibavu myinshi yakoraga mubufaransa muri XII.
Ubufaransa - Abasubiramo Famika
Mu byatsi bito by'umujyi w'Abafaransa, hari umwuga "parufe". Abantu bahuguwe cyane bashoboraga gukora ibihimbano byose bishingiye ku mavuta y'ingenzi, ishingiro, ibikomoka ku bimera n'ibindi bigize bihumura.
Mu kinyejana cya XVI, umwuga wa parufe n'umwijima wahujwe. Ikigaragara ni uko mumuryango wisi wari uzwi cyane kwambara uturindantoki basohora impumuro nziza. Niyo mpamvu habaye umwanya wihariye wigikoresho na parufe yiki kintu cyimyenda.
Nyuma y'impinduramatwara y'Abafaransa, iyo Gushakisha ya gari ya gants n'abahumu byacitse, mu 1608 muri kamwe mu bigo by'abihaye Imana uruganda rwa mbere rwashizweho. Abihayimana - Abadepite bigenga imibavu, kandi bagabana muri ubu bucuruzi muri uru rubanza, ibikomangoma ndetse na pape ubwayo.
Mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya XVII, ibirungo bya Farina byahimbwe "Amazi y'Abapologne", byahujega gutema. Amaze kugenda, yazanwe mu Bufaransa. Amazi ya Cologne yakoreshejwe na Napoleon ubwe. Umwami w'abami yategetse amacupa 60 ku mwaka. Sosiyete ya sosiyete y'Abafaransa yo mu Burusiya kandi yakoresheje cyane amazi yo mu musarani na Cologne.
Ikinyejana cya makumyabiri kirangwa nuko parufe igwa kuri podiyumu. Imyambarire ya Gabriel Chanel muri 1921 itanga parufe izwi "nimero ya 5", nyuma yikirango. Muri icyo gihe kimwe, Schipr aragaragara, yabaye sekuruza wumurongo wose wimpumuro nziza.
Imyaka irenga 100 ishize bize guhuza uburyohe bwa kelevistal. Tumaze rero habaye imibavu ifite impumuro nziza, isa n'imbuto zishimishije mu burasirazuba, imbuto zidasanzwe, imyenda y'ifu, marine na vanine, ndetse no ku bantu ba feromones.
Mfite imyaka 50, makumyabiri ngiye hamwe niterambere rya parufe kuva muri Atalantika habaye gutandukanya impumuro ku bagore n'abagabo. Aba nyuma batandukanye mu mpumuro nziza cyane, yagenewe kwerekana imbaraga n'icyizere cy'igice gikomeye cy'ikiremwamuntu.
