Pavel Zygmantich: "Ibyiciro byuburambe mu gahinda: ntabwo byoroshye"

Umukoresha wa interineti akoreshwa mu kwizera muri psychologiya. Byibuze kurwego rusange. Benshi muritwe, tutiganye amaso, koresha amagambo - Gukora, Stockhol Syndrophome, vino yubumara, akenshi byoroshe mbere yo kubura ibintu bimwe byingenzi. Umutego wa psychologue Pavel Zyggmantovich avuga uko byagenze no mu byiciro bitanu byo gutera ibibazo.

Iyi nyandiko yeguriwe uburambe bwumubabaro, wenda, ndi intimba. Ibyo wumvise kubyerekeye uburambe bwimbehohe mu kababaro, kubishyira mu gatonga, kugeza iherezo rihuye nukuri.

Reka rero dutangire kuva mbere. Benshi aho kuri enterineti byanditswemo ko, duhura nintimba (gutakaza cyangwa urugero, amakuru yerekeye indwara idakira), umuntu ahora abaho ibyiciro bitanu:

1. Guhakana (Iri ni ikosa, ibi ntibyabaye, mubyukuri byose ni bibi) 2. Uburakari (Ibi byose kubera wowe, ni ko wakoze icyaha mu gihe wishimye hano, mfite intimba) .3. Gutangana (niba hari icyo nkora, noneho ibintu bizagenda neza, ugomba gusa gushaka no "kubyemera"). Bane. Kwiheba (byose biteye ubwoba, ibintu byose ni bibi, ibintu byiringiro) .5. Kwemerwa (Ntabwo nshobora gukosora ikintu na kimwe no kumva ko aribyo, ntabwo numva umukoro nteye ubwoba muriyi)

Umwanditsi w'izi ngingo eshanu - Elizabeth Kübler-Ross - yabashyize ku gitinye mu 1969 hashingiwe ku bunararibonye bwe bukize hamwe n'abantu be bakize.

Kandi byinshi byasaga nkaho aribyo. Mubyukuri, kuko akenshi bibaho ko umuntu wahuye nazo, avuga, hamwe namakuru "ufite indwara idakira," ikintu cya mbere nticyizera. Avuga ko bati: Muganga ni amakosa, yongera kugenzura. Ajya mu zindi baganga, ikizamini kimwe kiboneka mu rundi, ibyiringiro byo kumva ko Lekari yabanjirije. Noneho, umuntu atangiye kurakarira abaganga, noneho ashakisha uburyo bwo gukiza (ati: "Nabyumvise, nabayeho nabi kandi ko nta kintu na kimwe cyaranzwe, kandi iyo nta kintu gifasha, kandi iyo umuntu agwa mu gisenge, kandi Noneho kwiheba birarengana, umuntu arimo yifuza ubuzima bwe atangira kubaho mubihe byubu.

Birasa, Kübler-ross yasobanuye byose neza. Nibyo kubwibi, ibisobanuro byari uburambe bwihariye, ntakindi. Ubunararibonye bwihariye numufasha mubi cyane mubushakashatsi.

Ubwa mbere, hariho ingaruka zumvikane, muriki kibazo cyihariye zijyanye n'ingaruka z'ubuhanuzi bwonyine. Muri make, umushakashatsi ahabwa ibyo ashaka kubona.

Icya kabiri, hari ibindi bigondwa byinshi bidasetsa bitemerera gukora umwanzuro ikintu kifatika kubintu byose hashingiwe kumyanzuro yabo kugiti cye hashingiwe kuburambe. Kugirango ukore byinshi bigoye kandi nkaho ibikorwa birenze urugero mubushakashatsi bwabo.

Kübler-Ross ntabwo yakoze ibikorwa nkibi, ingaruka za rosental ntabwo zakuyeho kandi nkigisubizo cyakiriye gahunda ivuga ukuri igice gusa.

Mubyukuri, bibaho ko umuntu akora neza muriyi ngingo eshanu, kandi ni murukurikirane. Kandi bibaho neza neza muburyo butandukanye. Kandi bibaho ko bimwe muribi byiciro binyuramo kandi muri rusange muburyo bukurikirana.

Urugero rero, byagaragaye ko abantu bose badahakana igihombo. Reka tuvuge ko kuba mu 233 ba Connecticut, warokotse kubura uwo mwashakanye cyangwa uwo mwashakanye, ibyinshi mu ntangiriro ntabwo byanze, ariko ahita yicika. Kandi ntayindi tsinda muri rusange (byibuze imyaka ibiri nyuma yo kubura).

By the way, ubushakashatsi bwa connecticutian bugomba kutuzanira ikindi gitekerezo gishimishije - Birashoboka kuvuga kubyerekeye imiti muri rusange, niba abantu bagize kwicisha bugufi kuva mu ntangiriro, nta kindi cyiciro cya Kübler-ross? Birashoboka ko nta byiciro, ariko uburyo bwo kubaha gusa, budafitanye isano na gato? Ikibazo ...

Mu bundi bushakashatsi bwerekanye ko, bwa mbere, hari abantu batigera banga igihombo. Kandi, icya kabiri, kugirango "urwego rwo kwicisha bugufi" rushingiye, harimo nibibazo byumushakashatsi (muraho ingaruka za rozentyl).

Ubushakashatsi bwakorewe mu bantu babuze ababo mu mpanuka y'imodoka (imyaka 4-7 nyuma y'impanuka). Bitewe rero n'ibibazo by'abashakashatsi kuva ku 30 kugeza 85 ku ijana by'ababajijwe, bavuze ko bakomeje kwemera igihombo.

Muri rusange, ivyashikiye igihombo no / cyangwa agahinda ni Dufatiye cyane bivana umubare munini w'imanza bintu - giturumbuka, rwego umubano, imwe umuco rwego na benshi, benshi, benshi, benshi. Ntibishoboka gusa gushyira byose muri gahunda imwe. Birashoboka cyane, birashoboka niba uzanye urufatiro kandi wirinde kwemeza gahunda yubushakashatsi.

By the way, Kübler-ross ubwayo yanditse ko ibyiciro bishobora kuba muburyo bwo kuganira akajagari no kuri bo, hiyongereyeho, urashobora gukomera ku gihe kitazwi .... Ariko ibi byongeye kudusubiza kubibazo - hari ibyiciro rwose? Ahari hariho uburyo bwo kubaho gusa nubuzima budahujwe na gahunda na / cyangwa ikurikiranye?

Yoo, ibi bibazo bisanzwe bihitamo kwirengagiza. Kandi kubusa ...

Tuzaganira kubibazo nkibyo - impamvu gahunda ya Kübler-ross, idafite agaciro kandi idashyira mu gaciro, yemerwe, ingwate gusa? Nshobora gutekereza gusa.

Birashoboka cyane, urubanza ni mu bihe bya heturistage. Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kugerwaho (Eng. Kuboneka Heurict)? Ubu ni bwo buryo bwo gusuzuma aho ibipimo byo gukosora bitubahiriza ibintu byose, ahubwo korohera kwibuka. Ibyo nibutse ako kanya ni ukuri. Gahunda ya Kübler-Ross yoroshe kwibuka ibibazo mubuzima bwawe, kuva muri firime, uhereye ku nkuru zinshuti nabawe. Kubwibyo, bisa nkaho ari byo.

Hoba hariho inyungu muri gahunda ya C.Somber? Yego hari. Niba umuntu afite uburenganzira bwo kuvuga ko bizaba bimeze nkibi, imiterere ye irashobora (birashoboka!) Kunoza. Ibisobanuro, bibaho, bitanga ingaruka zubumaji. Hariho abantu batuze iyo bamenye ko babategereje, batitaye kubintu cyangwa bibi byibizaza. Nanone, umuntu ukomoka ku kababaro ashobora (birashoboka!) Kuruhuka niba uzi ibimubaho.

Harimo kugirira nabi Kübler-ross? Yego hari. Niba umuntu abanga intimba adakurikije iyi gahunda, kandi abwirwa impande zose ko ari ngombwa kubaho gutya, umuntu ashobora guteza imbere ingorane zitandukanye. Ibi byitwa Yatrogen (ingaruka mbi kumurwayi wa muganga). Umuntu nkuwo arashobora kuza aho ndi afite kumva icyaha: "Nabwiwe ko ngomba guhakana kubura umugore wanjye, hanyuma nkarakara na gato, ariko sindi ... Mfite ... Mfite ... Mfite ... Mfite ... Mfite ... Mfite ... Mfite ... Mfite ... Mfite ... Mfite ... Mfite ... Mfite ... Mfite ... Mfite imyaka myinshi ? " Ku ruhande rumwe, birumvikana ko ninjiza, no ku rundi - niba umuntu atarahuje, uburyo bwo kubaho, ntabwo yari afite ibyo yicira urubanza.

Urashobora rero gukoresha gahunda mubuzima bwa buri munsi, ariko ntabwo ari ngombwa ko utanga kandi ukavamo kimwe kwisi yose. Kuva muribi birashobora kugirira nabi kuruta ibyiza.

Muri make. Iyi gahunda ya Kübler-Ross ntirararemezwa, yakuwe mubyabaye ku mwanditsi, uwo, ubisobanura, ntabwo ibogamye. Iyi gahunda ntabwo ari rusange, ntabwo yemewe kubantu bose ndetse no kure mubihe byose. Iyi gahunda ifite imikoreshereze mike, kandi rimwe na rimwe gahunda irashobora gukoreshwa. Iyi gahunda ifite ingaruka zikomeye, kandi nibyiza kutamenya gahunda.

Kandi mfite byose, urakoze kubitekerezo byawe.

Inkomoko: Phael Phael Zyigmantovich page