Inzira zo muri Hagati hejuru y'abapfumu ziracyaruhuka kubanyamateka na anthropologiste. Byari kuba, mu myaka 20 ishize, ababajije bashoboye gutwika abakobwa ibihumbi magana, abakobwa, ababyeyi bakurikiranyweho hamwe na Sekibi. Twasomye kimwe mubitabo bishya byerekeranye nahise - "Inkiko hejuru yubupfumu" nikolai Bessonov - kandi zegeranya ibintu bishimishije byerekeye abiyita ubwenge.
Ntabwo ari umukecuru nubwiza
Kuva mu bwana, tumenyereye ko umurozi ari umukenyezi ufite umukecuru, asabiriza kandi akagoreka. Iyi shusho yashushanyije imigani, ikarito, amashusho ndetse n'imigani. Ikibi nkumupfumu, cyababajwe nisi yose, guhumeka urwango kandi wifuza kurimbura isi yose.
Nkuko byagaragaye mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 15, ibirego by'ubupfumu - inzira nyayo yo kwitiranya abanyarubi, iba no kwandika ubwiza. Umugabane usharira wa imyaka BerNauer nurugero rwiza.
Noneho, umugani: Albrecht III, umuhungu wa Duke wa Bavariya akundana numukobwa mwiza wa nyir'ibiyuha. Amujyana mu kigo rusange, acuranga ubukwe kandi ahamagara "duchess ye." Yoo, awnozka yoroshye, amaze guhura cyane, ntabwo nahuye n'umutima wa se w'umusore. Umutegetsi wa Bavariya yahisemo ko ari ngombwa gufata urugero rukomeye kugira ngo ibintu bitagira umwanya wo kubyara abana. Yohereje umuhungu guhiga, kandi umugore we muto atangaza umurozi. Agnes ngo yabitswe, ni ukuvuga sahiir yatangiye.
Abakatiwe bahamwe n'icyaha kirekire kandi bidahari. Yagiye mu mwaka 1435. Inzira ya Vedovo mu Budage yari itangiye. Umwicanyi ntabwo ahuza amaboko. Agnes yatereranywe mu kiraro, Agnes yarasenyutse kugira ngo akureho inzira no koga. Noneho yarohamye icya kabiri - kuzinga umusatsi muremure uzengurutse icyuma. Mu bihe biri imbere, urujijo ntizongera kubaho kandi ubwiza bwa Agnes buzakomeza gupfa. By the way, nyuma yiki kibazo, hazashize ibinyejana bike, Abadage bazatwika, bakuramo iminyururu kumwanya.
Ariko, abakecuru nabo bahoraga bahitanwa na hysteria bazengurutse abarozi. Kuko
Umugore bisobanura umurozi!
Byari bimeze kuri ibyo bisobanuro nyamukuru byimyaka yo hagati byahuriranye - "Urukuto rwabapfumu" rwibihayimana bya Swprenger na Bubi. Iki gitabo cyohereje agasuzuguro gashinzwe umutekano neza ku bagore b'ingeri zose. Mbega urwango rwanditswe n'abanditsi kubyerekeye "abanyabyaha bateye ishozi", kubwubwiza bwabantu bafite ubushake bwo guhindura ingofero imbere! Barakajwe nabagenzi babo b'abagore, icyifuzo cy'imyambaro, mbega ukuntu byibasiye angahe ku murongo wa Luda Urukundo Rukurya, amaboko y'urukundo rwa Luda Kwibagirwa Imana! "Umupfumu w'Inyundo" yibintu biranga abagore ingeso zose. Ibi mumakosa yabo bapfa ubugingo n'ubwami birasenyuka. Ibibazo byabagore ibihumbi bimaze gushize, uyumunsi, mu kinyejana cya 21 byatangiriye gusenga kwa Femininine nubwiza.
Niba umugabo afite amahirwe yo kugabanya ibirego, hanyuma mu bagore - oya. Kurugero, urujya n'uruza rw'amaso mu gihe cy'iyicarubozo rwagenzuwe. Yarebye ahantu hamwe - areba Bwana, Satani. Yafunze amaso - ntashaka kuhaha. Kugereranya amaso ye - ikurikira imyuka iguruka.
Ntuzi icyo nyirabayazana, ushinjwa Shabash
Igitekerezo cy'abapfuko w'isabato rwakuze nk'igiti kizima. Guteranira ku bapfumu mu ntangiriro ntabwo byari bifite ishusho yihariye, twakundaga kubona ibishushanyo mbonera. Mu buryo bwa mbere bwo mu kinyejana cya XIII, Shabash ni uguteranya abahakanyi gusa, hari shitani ubwe (isi yitwaga Satani). Ibisobanuro byinshi byimigani ntibirahishwa. Abashinzwe i'abafasha, bahimbye umugani w'i Shabash, byanze bikunze kandi ntibakemuye ko azatangiza imodoka yo gukandamizwa ku modoka, ashingiye kuri iki gitekerezo, asubirana no kubyimba ubuzima bwibihumbi by'abantu.
Yoo, igitekerezo cyumufasha yaje kugera ku gikari. Ibisobanuro by'ibanze byahagaritswe mu mpapuro zababyeyi kurushaho. Hejuru ya Kiliziya Gatolika yishimiye gufata igikoresho, yemerera nta kibazo kidakenewe cyo kohereza umuriro utaha. Ariko ibintu byose birangira.
Igihe kirageze ngo udutsiko tw'ubutaka ducogora kandi tube hafi kubura. Ariko, imigani yakozwe na Sentare yo kurwanya amasambuzi, ntabwo yari yagenewe gupfa. Hariho abahohotewe bashya, batagira kirengera kandi bafite benshi - abagore. Kandi inkiko kuri twe rwahindutse iy'isi, gusa kubera ko utabikora. Amaherezo, kwizera n'imbaraga bisa nkaho byuzuye.
Urubozo rwicarubozo bashishikarije abagore "kuvugisha ukuri". Kugirango uhagarike kubabazwa, buriwese yiteguye kuzana ibisobanuro ubwo aribwo bwose byahaza ababatototo. Ku bahanga, ibitabo byari ibintu bishya kandi bishya.
Ivugurura ku Batesilenology ryanditse mu Bufaransa, mu Butaliyani, mu Budage. Ikinyoma kuri Shabash imbere y'amaso. Niba ubanza byavuzwe ko orgy yabitabiriye iboneka ku isabanwa, ubu ntamuntu numwe ufite gushidikanya ko imyuka mibi agira uruhare mu gitondo.
Ibyifuzo by'Abapfumu Zimya Abadayimoni mu rubanza rw'umugore, kandi abanyabwenge bakorana n'abadayimoni bafashe isura y'abagabo. Igihano cyo kwitwara hamwe na satani cyabaye ikintu gisanzwe. Yishe rero ibihumbi "abarozi"
Kubyina? Ku muriro!
Imbyino ku bacamanza - Abajyanama batashyizwe muri gahunda y'ibikorwa by'abadayimoni. Abacamanza ba mbere bari abihayimana. Bangaga imbyino mu buzima bukomeye bw'isi kandi bibukije abanyabyaha ko imyidagaduro idahuye n'Imana. Gusa hamwe no gusenga no kwicisha bugufi, urashobora kubona imbabazi z'ikirere - kwinezeza utigeze bibaho, ku rundi ruhande, biganisha ku rupfu rw'ubugingo! Inyandiko y'abatagatifu ba sekuruza, byanze bikunze, ntishobora gufata abantu. Yatorotse ikintu cya karnivali ntabwo cyari n'itorero.
Tekereza geneve kuri Calvina. Mu kubungabunga abayobozi b'Abaporotesitanti, imitako y'abagore n'imyambarire nziza. Umujyi wogeje imvi n'umukara. Umubare w'iminsi mikuru wagabanutse. Mu rwego, moumbatelyfferst kandi nongeye gushyira mu gaciro - nibyo Calvin yasabye abamushyigikiye. Ibibujijwe byatangijwe ku biryo, imyambaro, ku rugo. Birashoboka, ntabwo ari amahirwe yuko hano hano kwishima mumujyi wa Busuwisi, ibikorwa byinkuru, Boden yahise agenda. Imbyino igaragara mu gitabo cye nk'uburyo bwo kwitiranya amahoro y'abakristo:
"Kubera ko, ko hari imbyino yarinzwe cyane, Sekibi yahaye umukobwa ukiri muto ukiri muto w'icyuma, wahatiwe kubyina umuntu uwo ari we wese, uwo yakoraho. Yatontomye ku bacamanza avuga ko atari byo kumubabaza, - ariko nyuma yo gufatwa, acikanywa, atangira kwinubira ko yasezeranyije ko azamukiza urupfu. "
Igitangaza icyo aricyo cyose - Kuva Sekibi
Umunsi umwe, umuhinzi ukennye yifuzaga cyane ku mugabane we, n'umukobwa we wa munani uhagaze hafi, ubworoherane bw'ubworoherane, atiha. Yababajwe n'urutoki rwe amazi mu mugezi, nyuma yo kwiyuhagira bimanitse ku byuma NIVA. Se watunguwe yatangiye kwizera, nkuko byagenze. Umupfumu yabwiye ko nyina yigishije ubumaji bwe. Kuba Umugatolika nyayo, umuhinzi yari afite ubwoba kandi ahabwa umugore we. Birumvikana ko umupfumu yahise atwikwa, ntabwo yigeze ashidikanya ku nkuru y'umuntu utuye mu bihe, iyo ubutane bufite umugore butemewe uko bishoboka.
Cyangwa indi nkuru. Umukobwa umwe mwiza, mwiza, yari atwite. Ababyeyi batangiye kumenya ibibazo bye, maze yemera ko umuntu mwiza yamusuye kumanywa nijoro, ariko yica, araramenyekana. Mu ijoro rya gatatu, nyuma yibi, umugaragu ahamagara ababyeyi nabandi basigaye Madamu Urugi rumenetse rwagurutse hamwe na cracker, kandi amaso ya se atangaje yagaragaye ko ari igisimba kibi.
Umukobwa yagumanye mu maboko. Kubwibyishimo mu cyumba cyo kuraramo, umupadiri yarwanye kandi agaragara cyane. Umugaragu w'Imana ntabwo yari arumiwe atangira gutera isengesho. Umudayimoni ntiyarwanyaga amagambo yera kandi aguruka afite urusaku rutangaje, kandi ibikoresho byo mu nzu ahagaze mucyumba bimurikira urumuri rwiza.
Nyuma y'iminsi itatu, Umunyacyubahiro ukiri muto washyizeho umucyo w'imisatsi, wajugunywe mu muriro, kugira ngo atasigara ku Shitani n'inzira ...
Muri ibyo batiriwe bitigeze bibaho, nubwo bishoboka ko ari ibihano byaberaga mu muryango w'icyubahiro, kandi ikibazo cyarafunzwe kubera ko umukobwa atabyaye gusa ku bashakanye, ariko nanone, birashoboka, abamugaye . Bibera mu mudugudu, ntibyaba bishyikirizwa umuhango: Natwika mama, n'umwana. Ariko umuryango wicyubahiro wagize ingaruka namahuza kugirira nabi umukobwa waguye mubibazo (kandi wenda yagiye mumasomo namafaranga - guha ruswa padiri). Imbaraga, ugomba kwemera ibyiza. Umukobwa ntarebwa na Sekibi, ariko inzirakarengane zahohotewe no kubeshya. Amahirwe, muri rusange.
Umwanditsi Umwanditsi: Daria Ionina
Ibishushanyo: Amashusho avuye muri firime "Gusinzira Hollow"