Kubantu benshi, ifunguro rya mugitondo nibiryo byingenzi byibiribwa kumunsi. Uburyo abantu bafite ifunguro rya mugitondo, bahinduka cyane mu binyejana byinshi. Tutitaye ko abantu bafite ifunguro rya mugitondo ryibiryo byinshi cyangwa ibiryo byihuse ku kwiruka, hari ibicuruzwa byinshi ushobora kuboneka kumeza mugihe cya mugitondo kwisi yose.
Uyu munsi babona ko bikwiye, ariko benshi muribo bafite inkomoko ishimishije, kandi mubyukuri byahimbwe na gato kubwikosa.
Ikawa 1
Umuntu wese akunda kwishimira igikombe cya mugitondo. Mubyukuri, ikawa mugihe kirekire nikinyobwa ku isi, kandi buri mwaka imifuka miriyoni yimisatsi igera kuri miliyoni 150 zikoreshwa kwisi yose. Byasaga nkaho byari byiza gutekereza ko ibinyobwa nkibi byateguwe numuco wa kera. Ariko, ukurikije umugani, byavumbuwe nintama yihene. Kera, ihene ya Etiyopiya yavuze impinduka zidasanzwe mumyitwarire yumukumbi we w'ihene. Inyamaswa zarushijeho gushiraho kandi zikora, kandi hamwe nikibazo cyegeranye gusinzira nijoro.Amaze kuba inyuma yabo, yasanze ihene zishimisha imbuto zititi runaka nibyishimo. Umwungeri yasangiye inkuru ye abbot yaho, yatangiye kugerageza ategura ibinyobwa muri imbuto. Abbot ntishobora kwitega ko ikinyobwa cyaremwe cyamamayeho cyamamaye kandi umunsi umwe hazaba "inzira yo gukanguka", ishobora kuboneka kumeza menshi mugihe cya mugitondo mugihe cya mugitondo mugihe cya mugitondo mugihe cya mugitondo mugihe cya mugitondo mugihe cya mugitondo mugihe cya mugitondo mugihe cya mugitondo mugihe cya mugitondo mugihe cya mugitondo mugihe cya mugitondo mugihe cya mugitondo mugihe cya mugitondo mugihe cya mugitondo mugihe cya mugitondo mugihe cya mugitondo mugihe cya mugitondo mugihe cya mugitondo mugihe cya mugitondo mugihe cya mugitondo mugihe cya mugitondo.
2 Icyayi Bagic
Mug yicyayi cyiza ni hafi nkigikombe cya kawa. Mubyukuri, Ubwongereza bumwe gusa buri mwaka bukoresha ibikombe bya miliyari 36 byicyayi. Dukurikije ishyirahamwe ry'icyayi ry'Ibyabongereza, 96% by'abakunda icyayi bakoresha imifuka myiza y'icyayi. Rero, birashoboka gutekereza ko igikapu cyicyayi cyari igihangano cyubwenge kugirango utezimbere "inkwi". Ariko, yahimbwe nikosa. Mu ntangiriro ya 1900, Urugereko rw'Abanyamerika rw'Abanyamerika rwashakaga uburyo bwo kohereza ingero z'icyayi rwabo kubakiriya ku isi, ntabwo kwangiza ibintu.
Mu myaka ya za 1908, Thomas Sullivan yakoze imifuka mito ya silike yo kohereza ingero z'icyayi kubaguzi. Bidatinze, yatangiye kwakira ibitekerezo by'abaguzi ko gride ku bipaki ari nto. Byaragaragaye ko aho gusuka ibiri mu kibindi gakondo, nkuko umugurisha afata, abaguzi bashyize paki mu gikombe hamwe namazi abira. Sullivan yaje gukora imifuka ya gaze, afite umugozi na tagi. Mu myaka ya za 1920, imifuka y'icyayi yari imaze gukorwa cyane.
3 foromaje
Foromaje yabayeho ibinyejana byinshi kandi yishimiye kurya kwisi yose. Yashyizwe kuri toast no kuri sandwiches yo gufata ifunguro rya mugitondo, kandi nanone ikoreshwa muburyo butandukanye. Nubwo umusaruro wa foromaje wabaye ibihangano byukuri mumico myinshi, ntamuntu numwe uzi neza ko ari foromaje yabanje gukora foromaje. Dukurikije imigani imwe, umucuruzi warabu wabitse amata mu gikapu cyenda mu rugendo rwe mu butayu. HariHow uvuga, mu gitondo yasanze amata ye yatunganijwe kandi agahanitse.Ubushyuhe bw'ubutayu bwakoze amata kugira ngo yinjire ku myitwarire n'inkubi y'umufuka, kandi yacitse kuri foromaje na serumu. Urebye ko ibiryo bye bitagize bike, umucuruzi yanyoye ibikubiye kandi arya foromaje y'amata. Foromaje, ibyo yagenze ku mahirwe, yabaye ifunguro ryiza ku isi.
MURI MARGARAN
Bikekwa ko ubwoko bwinshi bwa Margarie bufite akamaro kuruta amavuta, kandi akenshi barahendutse. Ariko umuntu yatekereje kuri ibi biryo bisanzwe. Mubyukuri, iki gicuruzwa cyahimbwe mumarushanwa, umaze Napoleon wa III kugirango abone umusimbura wamavuta mu maboko y'abasirikare ba 1800. Amavuta atarangije gusa vuba, ariko yari ahenze cyane, ibyo byongereye cyane ikiguzi cyubukangurambaga bwa gisirikare.
Mu 1869, chemiste y'Abafaransa yitwa IPpolit Inzhez-muer yahimbye uruvange rw'ibinure by'inka, amazi n'amata. Mu ikubitiro, yahamagaye igihangano cye "Oleomarina, kuko yizeraga ko ikubiyemo aside yo muri Oleic na Margarhic. Isosiyete y'Ubuholandi yateje imbere imvange yumwimerere ikoresheje amavuta yimboga nigitambaro cyumuhondo kugirango bisa namavuta ya marike.
Abakora ibicuruzwa byamagama, ariko, ntibishimye mugihe mu myaka ya 1870 muri Amerika batangiye gukora aya mavuta. Amategeko arabuza ndetse abuza umusaruro no kugurisha Margarine. Gusa mu 1967, nyuma ya nyuma aya mategeko yahagaritswe. Uyu munsi mububiko ubwo aribwo bwose ushobora kubona ibintu byinshi bya margarine, benshi bakunda gusiga aho kuba amavuta ya cream mugitondo cya sandwich.
Umutsima 5
Tekereza ko mugitondo ikiraro cyatemye umutsima uva mu mugati, hanyuma bikagaragara ko abyibushye cyane ku buryo ajyanwa na toaster. Abantu barya imigati muburyo bumwe cyangwa ubundi kumyaka hafi 30.000, hamwe no kunama kwunama cyangwa kuruma ibice muri mwese. Nyuma y'igihe, ingeso zo mu biryo zabaye "umuco", maze utangira guca buhoro buhoro ibice mu mucura, waguzwe mu iduka.Dako, nubwo abantu bariye imigati buri munsi yimyaka ibihumbi, gusa abanza guhimbwa gusa muri 1920. Mu 1928, injeniyeri ukomoka muri Iowa Otto yateguye imodoka yubucuruzi yo gukata imigati kubyo yake. Amahirwe ahita ashimira abakiriya, kandi mu 1929 hamaze gukora imodoka zo guca imigati kuri Bakeri muri Amerika.
6 Ketchup
Abantu bamwe babyita Ketchup, abandi - isosi y'inyanya. Nubwo byatwa iki gicuruzwa, burimunsi koresha gusa Ketchup nini. Igishimishije, ndashaka kugereranya umuntu uyumunsi kuvomera imbuto yinyenyeri yicaye kuri mugitondo ... ariko byari byiza rwose "umwanzi wa sosi, benshi bazi kandi bakunda uyu munsi. Turimo kuvuga kubyerekeye Umushinwa kezyap - isosi zibara cyane. Mu kinyejana cya XVII, Abongereza bagerageje kwigana uburyohe budasanzwe bw'iri soasi yo muri Aziya bakoresheje ibicuruzwa nka anchovies, ibihumyo n'imbuto.
Inyanya zongewe kuri resept gusa mu ntangiriro ya XIX, ariko ketchups ishingiye ku inyanya yahise yangirika. Kubera iyo mpamvu, batangiye kongeramo ibigize ibigize nkibintu nkibintu byamakara, bagerageza kongera ubuzima bwa josi. Gusa mu mpera za 1800, umuntu witwa Henry Heinz yahisemo kudahindura inyanya zitandukanye, ariko nanone koresha uburiganya ku mbuto. Yongeyeho kandi vinogere ku ruvange, nk'ibisubizo, gukora ibihe bikunzwe mu isi abantu bose bishimiye uyu munsi.
7 berenitis
Urashobora kubona ikibindi hamwe numucuruzi mugihe hafi ya yose muri Ositaraliya. Nicyo gicuruzwa cya mugitondo kizwi cyane kuri uyu mugabane hafi yikinyejana cyaki, ariko ku isi yose azwi ku isi hose uburyohe bwihariye, benshi basuzuma nabi. Paste wirabura yijimye yagaragaye mu 1922, igihe isosiyete y'ibiribwa yaha akazi chimiste kugira ngo akore ibicuruzwa hiyongereyeho vitamine V. Dr. Siril Kallister yamaranye amezi muri laboratoire, atera pasta ashingiye ku musemburo mukuru. Murakoze kwamamazaga, harimo no kuba umubare wibisobanuro bya Australiya, ibicuruzwa bishya byabaye igishushanyo cyigihugu.8 Ibigori
Buri gitondo, ibigori birashobora kuboneka kumeza mugihe cya mugitondo. Mu mpera za 1800, Abadiventisti b'umunsi wa karindwi bagerageje ibinyampeke bitandukanye kugira ngo bakore ibyombo bishya bikomoka ku bimera bihuye n'indyo ku itorero ryabo rihamagarira. Dr. John Harvey Kellog, Adiventiste w'umunsi wa Karindwi ubwe, agaburira kuri izi ngendo y'abarwayi mu kigo cya Michigan, yari afite umutwe we.
Mu 1894, yahisemo kutajugunya umuvandimwe w'ibigori hamwe na murumuna we, ariko gerageza guteka ikintu. Urebye ko ifu igoramye mu bibyimba, nyuma yo gukaranga baje kugaragara hejuru yazimye bahawe abarwayi. Ifu yumwimerere kuri flake yapanze mu 1895, kandi paki nayo yatangiye kugurisha kumaposita. Mu 1898, uruganda runini rwo gutanga umusaruro wa Flake, kandi abanywanyi batangiye kubyara ibitondo byumye byagendaga bikundwa.
9 Amata mubipaki
Buri gitondo kwisi yose, abantu bafungura firigo gufata paki n'amata. Mubyukuri, nimwe mubicuruzwa bikoreshwa cyane. Yasinze, ongeraho icyayi, ikawa, gukonja no gukoresha mubisubizo byinshi. Abantu bakoresha amata imyaka igera ku 10,000 igihe batangiye gukoresha bwa mbere bakoresheje amata matungo, nkintama, inka n'ihene. Mu Banyamisiri ba kera, byari ibinyobwa ku bakire cyane, ariko kubwibyo, ibikomoka ku mata byabaye kimwe mu biribwa bikuru. Mu kinyejana cya XIV, amata y'inka yarushijeho gukundwa kuruta intama.Ku bahinzi benshi, mu gitondo yatangiye kuba bagiye kuri Hlev, kugira ngo bakore indobo y'amata mugitondo. Ntawabura kuvuga, aya mata adahantu yari yuzuye yari yuzuye mikorobe na bagiteri. Mu 1862, Umufaransa Louis Paster yatangiye kugerageza uburyo bwo gutunganya no gupakira amata kugirango bigire umutekano kandi byoroshye. Icupa rya mbere amata ryavumbuwe mu 1884 muri Leta ya New York kugirango yongeze gutwara amata n'imirima.
Imifuka yumwimerere y'amata yagaragaye muri za 1950, ipanga ryamatafari ya none hamwe nu kugenda kwarokotse, abantu bose bakoreshwa muri iki gihe, bateje imbere muri iki gihe, bateje imbere injeniyeri muri Detroit mu myaka ya za 1960. Mu 1987, 98 ku ijana by'amata yari amaze gutangwa muri paki nk'iyi.
10 ifunguro rya mugitondo
Umuvuduko wubuzima mu kinyejana cya 21 rero wihutishije ko benshi badafite umwanya wo gufata mugitondo cyo gutuza. Kubwibyo, ntabwo bitangaje kuba, hakenewe hakenewe verisiyo yihuse kandi byoroshye bya mugitondo bishobora kuribwa munzira yo gukora. Icyuma cyihuse cyamenyekanye muri iki gihe, nubwo impaka ku gaciro kabo. Babanze bateguwe bwa mbere muri za 1960 kandi babanje kwamamazwa nkigicuruzwa cyo kugabanya ibiro.
Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, hagati ya 1960, ibiryo bya karnasi byatangiye kugurisha ifu ya mugitondo, byatanze "intungamubiri zose zo gufata ifunguro rya mugitondo ryuzuye" iyo zishonga mu kirahure cyamata. Kumenyera ibyo bicuruzwa byakuze buri mwaka, kandi amahitamo mashya yahoraga ahabwa. Amazi ya mugitondo nimwe mubicuruzwa bizwi cyane byo gutegura biboneka uyumunsi.