Babulo BC ya 4000 BC, imawonedwa ngati imodzi yoyamba. Monga mukudziwa, zikomo kwambiri kwa Hammmurapi, Babeloni anali mkhalidwe wokhala ndi chikhalidwe cholemera komanso akumakhala, ndi zojambula zake, masamu, magonedwe. Ngakhalenso oyeretsa, Agiriki akale anali pachikhalidwe chochitiridwa zachiwerewere.
1. Pabedi ndi mlendo
Magwero achi Greek amafotokozera zambiri za moyo wachiwerewere wa anthu a ku Babeloni, ndipo, zachidziwikire, Babulo anali ndi machitidwe ogonana omwe angachititse anthu amakono. Ngakhale Agiriki akale omwe amawona chikhalidwe chosiririka cha Babulo pankhani ya kugonana.
Mwachitsanzo, mmodzi mwazomwe anavomereza kale anali kugonana ndi alendo, monga wolemba milandu wachi Greek adatero. Adafotokoza mwambo wotsatira wa Quirky: Mkazi aliyense wotsatira m'moyo wake adayenera kupita kukachisi kukagona ndi munthu wosadziwika. Zachidziwikire, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti olemba mbiri ena amafunikira zolembedwa za Herotototus, koma amavomereza kuti uhule wachipembedzo uja adakhala ku Babeloni.
2. Uhule
Uhule m'makachisi chidachitika kulikonse padziko lonse lapansi pafupi ndi Chuma chachonde komanso mozungulira. Izi zimayambiranso chikhalidwe chathakale cha Sumerian, chomwe chinachokera mu 4500 BC, komwe chikhalidwe cha ku Babeloni chidapangidwa pambuyo pake. Amakhulupirira kuti ku Babuloni adapanga akachisi omwe amapanga uhule. "Boma laumulungu" lomweli silinali malo pomwe anthu omwe adagula akhama - anali achipembedzo kwa Ababulo akale.
Pano sindinapezekepo ndalama. M'malo mwake, imatha kutchedwa njira yovomerezeka yovomerezeka yothokoza ndikulambira milungu ya ku Babulo wakale. Unali chizolowezi chosiyana ndi Ababulo komanso zikhalidwe zofanana kwambiri ku Middle wakale, womwe umawerengedwa kuti ndi gawo limodzi la moyo wawo wachipembedzo.
3. Chikhalidwe Chachimodzi
Akhristu angadabwe, kugonjedwa ku Babulo wakale, chifukwa m'chikhalidwe chakomweko panali wochimwa kuti sanali kugonana. Pamene Barodotus adanena kuti mzimayi atabwera kukachisi ali ndi cholinga chotsimikizika (Arbeit mu Moyo), munthu woyamba yemwe adaponya ndalama ku mawondo ake akadagona ndi mkazi uyu. Kaya ndi olemera kapena osauka, achichepere kapena achikulire, mkazi sakanakhoza kukana munthu, mosasamala kanthu za ulemu wake.
Herodotu analembanso za uhule wocheperako kunja kwa akachisi, kumene mwamunayo analola kuti akagone ndi aliyense ndi mkazi wake kapena ana, ngati atalipira ndalama. Chifukwa chake kwa iwo amene amayang'ana jubse, panali mipata yambiri yakale ku Babulone. Ngakhale zilipo masiku ano zitha kuwoneka kuti zikusaruka ndi kuyika, izi zinali zofala komanso zovomerezeka pachikhalidwe cha ku Babeloni, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ukhale ndi chonde m'gulu la fetish.
Orgies ndi uhule zinali zofala kwambiri mukale zakale, ndipo ku Babulowo sinasinthe. Komabe, chikondi chaulere komanso kugonana kumangokhala zikondwerero zazikulu zapachaka, komanso olemekezeka padziko kulikonse komanso tsiku ndi tsiku. Herodotus adalankhula za nsonga zam'deralo komanso momwe adachitikira. M'malo mwake, Ababulo akale anali otchuka ndi maani, omwe adayamba monga kufooka kosavuta, koma njirayo idamasulidwa.
Pomwe chakudya chamadzulo chinapitirirabe, azimayiwo pang'onopang'ono mpaka adaliseche. Mutha kudziwa zomwe zinachitika, koma Herodotus adawona kuti ngakhale Agiriki omwe amawona kuti ali ndi chizolowezi chotsika mtengo panthawi ya nkhomaliro.
5. Kudzipereka kwa ukwati pabedi
Mu code ya Hammmurapi, pali zambiri zokhudzana ndi zomwe amachita pa nthawi ndi malamulo okhudza iwo. Ku Babulo Wakale, banja lirilonse limayenera kudzipereka kubalanda, ndipo silinawonedwe ngati laulamuliro mpaka atatuwo adalowa nawo kugonana. Mphepo yamiyala, yomwe idachitika, olembedwa kuti: "Ngati munthu atenga mkazi kwa mkazi wake, koma alibe mgwirizano wokhudzana ndi iye kapena sakhala mkazi wake."
6. Yabwino paliponse
Ababulo sanali wamanyazi kapena wamanyazi pomuwopseza; Iwo anali akuchita izi nthawi iliyonse, kulikonse, ndipo zimawoneka, ndi aliyense, pomwe akufuna. Ababulo adayamba kuchita chikondi chotseguka pakati pa mzindawo, pa udzu wapafupi kapena anakwera padenga la nyumba yawo, kotero kuti kuwonera mzindawu udatsegulidwa patsogolo pawo.
Palibe amene anakana monga monga Ababulo anali ndi chikhalidwe chogonana. Kuchokera pa madenga kupita padenga, lisanagone kumsewu ... Ababulo anacita konse. Mwina, ambiri sadzagwirizana ngakhale ndi mzinda wonse wa anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito chikondi kulikonse.
7. Misika yaukwati
Misika yaukwati inali ina yachilendo mu chikhalidwe cha ku Babeloni. Kwa iwo, azimayi a msinkhu wobereka anagulitsidwa pa mfundo ya "omwe adzapatse mtengo wapamwamba". Kudziwa izi kunafikanso chifukwa cha zikhulupiriro za Herodotus, zomwe zimafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane momwe misika iyi imagwirira ntchito.
Amayi onse adakhala mozungulira ndipo ananyamuka, akupita pakati, pomwe anthu omvera adayamba kubetcha pa iyeyu. Popeza china chilichonse chodziwika chokhudza chikhalidwe cha ku Babeloni, chizikhala pamsika weniweni, pomwe amuna adagula akazi omwe akufuna.
8. Maso a maso
Codex Hammmurapi adadziwikanso za lamulo lalikulu la diso. Zikusonyeza momveka bwino zomwe zili zabwino komanso zolondola, pazomwe akuphwanya ndi zolakwika bwanji. Zachidziwikire, kugonana sikunakhalepo ndi izi ... Koma nthawi zina malingaliro a komweko pazomwe "diso maso maso" linali, kuti aike modekha, mwachilendo.
Munthawi yofananayo, kukhala pachibwenzi ndi Babulo wakale, kuvomerezedwa ndi awa: Ngati munthu ndiye bambo wake wa namwali, ndipo bambo wakeyo adagona ndi mkazi wake Mwa munthu uyu amene akukondwere naye, kufikira pakupha munthu.
Komabe, mu code ya Hammmurapi, imanenedwa za zomwe munthu amene adatsogolera ku Namwali, abambo ali ndi ufulu wakupha, ndipo mkaziyo ayenera kusiya.
9. chigololo
Popeza mkhalidwe wa chiwerewere padziko lonse lapansi, modabwitsa ndikuti chigololo chakhala ndi mtengo wokwera ku Babeloni. Kwa mlandu wotere, chilango cha kuphedwacho chinasankhidwa, ndipo mkaziyo anagwira "kutentha," kunali kofunikira kumira ndi wokondedwa wake, womangidwa ndi chingwe chomwecho. Komabe, ngati mwamuna wachinyengo amafuna kuti asunge mkazi wake, pamene lamuloli lidapereka chifundo kwa wokondedwayo. Ngati mwamunayo amene aganiza zosiya mkazi wake, adapha munthu amene adagona, adaphedwa.
10. Kugonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha
Monga mbewu zina zambiri padziko lapansi kwa Yudedo, yemwe anali ulamuliro wachikhristu, womwe unachitika Konstantin atapanga chipembedzo chovomerezeka ku Roma wakale, monga Agiriki akale, ankachita poyera komanso momasuka. Komabe, anali ndi zochita zina zogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, omwe amakhulupirira kuti ali olephera (ndipo anali omwe amakhulupirira kuti abweretsa zabwino).
Asayansi akhazikitsa kuti amuna a ku Babuloni amawakonda kugwira ntchito ya akazi pogonana, ndipo Komanso, ngakhalenso kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha ngati njira yolerera (chifukwa chake, nkothekanso kuti kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha - kupewa kutenga pakati). Mulimonsemo, Ababulo anali achilendo kwambiri "Friki" pankhani zamakono masiku ano m'njira zambiri.
