Akuluakulu - chinthu chabwino, koma bwanji ngati ulamuliro utayika mwamphamvu, mfumuyo ili maliseche, ndipo chilichonse chimakali manyazi kunena kwa wina ndi mnzake?
Tasankha ntchito khumi, zosinthidwa kwambiri, zimadziwika kuti ndizabwino kukambirana chifukwa chake ndiofunikira kwambiri pa mbiri ndi chikhalidwe, koma pachabe pachabe.Mkango Tolstoy "Nkhondo ndi Mtendere"
Ngakhale tanthauzo la "lonse lathu" lokhazikika pa Pushkin, koma bambo waku Russia amachita ngati kuti 'wathu onse' ndi munthu wathunthu. Kuti mudziwe chifukwa chake bukuli ndi labwino, chilichonse chimayenda. Ndipo, kumene, gawo lokha, ndipo tanthauzo la chivundi cha chilankhulo monga "wamkulu", ndipo limakondwera ndi lingaliro lililonse la mapulani a Wolemba (lingaliro !!! , ndipo fano la Natasha rostava, chifukwa ndi labwino.
M'malo mwake, kukula kwake kumakhazikitsidwa mwamphamvu mu malembedwe a malembedwe, omwe amachitidwa ndi kuchepa komanso kuzindikira kufunika kwa wolemba. Ngati mukufuna kuwona chivundi chanzeru, ndibwino kuti muwerenge Andrei Phototova, pa imodzi mwanga, ndi chowiringula. Ukulu wa lingaliro "ndipo lolani ngwazi zanga zabwino zisanduke kwambiri kuposa momwe ziliri" komanso mawonekedwe azomwe amakayikira kwambiri, ukulu wa malingaliro omwe afotokozedwa (akazi - opusa! Msirikali - anzeru! Zitamba zamphamvu - liya!) - kukayikira zochulukirapo.
Zikuwoneka kuti anzeru za ku Russia adayamba kufunitsitsa kukhala ndi chithunzi cha Russia, chomwe chingakhale kunjenjemera ndipo chomwe chitha kunenedwa pamaso pa ena. Zovuta za makolo athu ndizomveka, monga munthu onse, koma atakhala opanda "nkhondo yabata" yomenyera "nkhondo ndi dziko", mutha kungondinyoza. "SETT Don" idakhala kuti "nkhondo ndi dziko lapansi" itangouka kumene kuti ikhale: Elos Elos, wolemba bwino, osachitidwa ndi moyo waku Russia. Ah, inde. Kumeneko, palibe Kawasaya rostarova. Izi, zoona, zimasintha mlanduwo, inde-AA.
Mkango Tolstoy "Anna Karenina"
Popeza tasankha kale Roman ya munthu wina, kuti akondwere ndi kupembedza chilichonse chomwe chidatuluka mmene nthenga zomwezo. Mwachitsanzo, nkhani ya Anna Karenina, china chake ngati mtundu wocheperako wa Madame Bovarie ndi cholembedwapo - ma stappy opera ku zikomo kwambiri komanso mwatsoka. Kwenikweni, bukuli ndi bukuli likulemba mu mtundu wa mndandanda wa madona, "popitilira", ndi chikondi chosokoneza ndi malingaliro ovuta. Koma Tolstor sangakhale wonenepa, ngati sanali kuti atsegule ziwiya ndikuwayika m'mphuno ya ngwazi ndi ngwazi za sewero la anthu. Kwa bukuli ndikudziwika mwachangu. Ngakhale zili choncho ngati mfundo yoti tili ndi buku lokhudza momwe Tolstor safanana ndi anthu ngati ali ndi chizolowezi choluka.
Ngati mukufuna kuwerenga kena kake mu mzimu "Inde, onse awiriwa ndi ma SWirls ndipo ali ndi zokwanira kutsegula nkhani iliyonse pa moyo wa Cebleritis. Moyo waku Russia "Karenina" satseguka, Scrirry sikhala yothandiza komanso mwamuyaya komanso mwamuyaya, chilankhulocho chidakhazikitsidwabe. Tikadapanda kuvalidwa ndi mtundu, ife tokha, sizokayikitsa kuti idzakopa chidwi cha mabuku akunja a mabuku aku Russia. Ndipo ngati mukufuna kusakanikirana bwino kwa sewero, masiketi achikazi, olimba komanso nthawi yofanana, ndibwino kuti muwerenge "Emily mabwalo" m'banjamo m'banja ndi anthu. Zowona, kutha kwa mwayi kwa owerenga Russia kumawoneka ngati zoyipa, koma pambuyo pa zonse, ndi tolstoy asangalale osanyalanyaza. Kumbukirani Nanasha Rostov ndi Pelleopes pomenya.
Je David Grours "Pamwambapa Wamkulu mu Rye"
Eyabwino, ndizosangalatsa kuwerenga bukuli kuti munthu wabwino amatha kusokonezeka, kuti amvetsetse ndipo zonse zili zoyipa komanso zosavomerezeka. Makamaka panthawi yomwe atayika m'moyo. Koma pazifukwa zina, lermontov munthu amene amachita mopitilira, mwachindunji ngati assole (kuwerenga ngwazi ya nthawi yake ", musaphonye chenjezo la wolemba ntchito kuchokera ku chisoni chachikulu cha" ngwazi "yochokera ku" ngwazi "yochokera ku" ngwazi "iyi. Ndipo sullinger ili ndi cholimba "Simukundimvetsa" ndipo nthawi zambiri amayang'ana dziko lapansi chifukwa cha munthu wabwino. Ziribe kanthu, palibe lingaliro lina mu Bukhu mu Bukhu, ndipo zojambulajambulazo, koma sizikoka zazikulu. Kwa akulu ndi kudzaza ndizofunikira. Mwambiri, tanena kale kuti zimafotokoza bwino zomwezi.
Ernest Haminay "HornbyE, Zida!"
Inanso mwachidwi, pokhapokha kuwonjezera pa fungo loipa lochokera kwa iye palinso bime. Lingaliro la "Nkhondo ndiipa, ndinavulala kumeneko" Ndikosavuta kutchula zoyambirira, ngakhale nthawi zambiri tikugwirizana nazo. Pali chinanso chiti? Mnyamata woyera wamkati, womwe umavutika, chifukwa pali bwalo la anthu oyipa, chifukwa poyamba ali kunkhondo ndipo iye ndi woyipa, kenako mkazi wake adayamba kumwalira. Komanso osati zoyambirira, mabukuwo amasefukira ndi odwala omwe ali pakati pa anyamata oyera. Tilibe chilichonse chotsutsana ndi chiwembu choterocho, koma kachiwiri, lingaliroli nlovuta kusatchula kuti sialibwino, koma ndi china chosiyana ndi ntchito zina zazikulu. Komabe, mathero ndi olemba. Koma limasiyanitsidwa ndi ntchito yabwino kuchokera ku zoyipa, osati yayikulu kuchokera pabwino.
Ernest Haminay "Wokalamba ndi Nyanja
Tsoka lalikulu la munthu wamng'ono yemwe, ambiri, tsiku loipa kwambiri, ndipo palibe vuto lalikulu. Osati za ukulu wa Mzimu wachimuna, koma za kuuma uku, kumene, kwakukulu, sizinadzetse chilichonse. Amafotokozedwani komaliza. Koma, taganizirani zofukiza zolembalemba, sizomveka chifukwa cha mphoto ya Nobel pano. Zonse zomwezo komanso chilankhulo chofanana (komanso Chingerezi ... Zimakhala zovuta kukhalabe ndi nthabwala) adalemba Jack London. Mapaketi.
Ivan Buin "Awiriwa"
Tonse tili onena za zosungira zonse komanso za nkhani yomwe imaphatikizapo. Kusamukira ku Russia kunathamangira naye, monga ndi tuba cholembedwa - izi, kumapeto, bukhu lathu, kapena chinyengo (kapena chinyengo, ngakhale) mabuku aku Russia. M'ndineti ku Russia adayamba kuvala ndi osamukira kudziko loyera komanso lokhazikitsidwa ndi malamulo awo onse ndi malingaliro awo. Palibe mawu, olemba ambiri aku Russia komanso ndakatulo omwe anakonzanso anthu osamukira kunkhondo a anthu ofotokoza mabuku a ku Russia. Pano inu ndi Teffi, ndi Tsvetaeva, ndi Nabokov. Koma iwo amene adayang'ana m'mbuyomu ndipo amangotaya ziwanda ndi matope aliwonse, omwe kale, m'mbuyomu, anali atangoyankhula nthawi yachisanu ndi chinayi ndi khumi kuti akhazikitse thumba la tiyi. Mwambiri, mukufuna mabuku ochitira zinthu ku Russia a ku Russia - tadzitcha kale kuti ndiyanji kuwerenga.
Gustave Flabert "Mayi Bovari"
Kale pomwe tidatchulatu kuti Anna Karenina ndi mtundu wa madana a Chingerezi, ndizotheka kumvetsetsa momwe timathandizira kuchitira umboni wa Flavurt. Ayi, timakonda kutchuka ku France komanso ku lingaliro lopanga mkazi kukhala wamkulu chabe osati buku lachikondi chabe. Koma Flabert ali ndi vuto lomwelo lomwe Tolstoy: Samakonda anthu amoyo ndipo sadziwa kubisala. Tsoka la kusamanda moyo m'moyo wachikondi, poyenda kwa mzimu wa mkazi yemwe alibe mwayi wopanga ndalama m'maloto ake, adasanduka Samadavinovat. Zimanyansa kwambiri kuti kutaya kukonzekera kwa kukonzekera kwake kunali ndi moyo wa mkazi weniweni - dzina lokha limasinthidwa. Ndipo Sosaite ikumveka bwino chifukwa chake bukuli: Hooray, Tsitsani, momwe zikusonyezedweratu kuti zovuta zonse kuchokera ku Bab komanso kuti akufuna kwambiri! Inde, ndipo chilankhulocho ndi chabwino, ndi chiyani.
Herman Melville "Moby Dick"
Mabuku onse aku America adakwera kuchokera ku Mobick. Makamaka "nkhalamba ndi nyanja." Malingaliro a Buku la Melville kwambiri, yemwe ndi wolemba anali ndi nthawi yonseyi, kutanthauza za m'Baibulo kulikonse kungafunikire kuperekedwa kwachiwiri nthawi yomweyo - ndipo mwamwambo umadziwika kuti ndi chizindikiro chapadera. . Kugwetsa kwa Wolemba Wamakono kwa owerenga, nthawi zonse kumalilira chikhalidwe, kutenga ndi kumakoka pamtengo wodekha. Komabe, bukuli likuwononga nsanje ya wolemba ponena za chidziwitso cha sayansi zachilengedwe, zomwe zimakhala zopusa panthawi yomwe chowonadi cha zaka za zana la khumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi ndi malingaliro abodza. Kuwerenga Zoyenera, Zotsatira zake, zosasangalatsa komanso zopanda pake zomwe zidadziwika ndi anthu a m'nthawi ya anthu azaka makumi awiri kokha chifukwa chakumayambiriro kwa munthu wapamwamba, wobisika Mwa munthu, kusilira mphamvu ya Mzimu, ngakhale (makamaka ngati) kumapitilira malire a malingaliro. Pa funde lamtunduwu, bukuli ndi mawonekedwe ake. Mphamvu zake zokha, Pepani, zinali ndi zokwanira.
Kalonga wa Antoine Deint-Eulupepery "
Aliyense m'moyo, zimachitika, ndikufuna kumva kuoneka ndi anthu.. Kusanthula imfa yowala ya mwana, kudabwitsidwa bwino mabotolo kapena ngakhale kukoma. "Kalonga wa Kamodzi" Nthawi zambiri amalingalira buku la ana - popeza chilichonse ndichabwino komanso chachinyamata, koma izi ndizakuti, buku ndizakuti akulu akulu omwe akufuna kukambirana pang'ono ndi mwana wawo wamkati. Ngakhale woyamba amapangidwa kuti atchule izi wamkati, osatinso mwana weniweni. Zonena, Aphorisms omwe ali m'bukuli ndi abwino, ma ligianis ndi owona (pakuti iwowo ndi opambana), ndipo kudetsa kumadya. Koma kwenikweni, nkhani yonse yomwe amayi (yoyimiriridwa ndi rose) ndi yokongola, koma yopepuka, ndi bambo (woyimiriridwa kwambiri ndi rose) imodzi, pitani ku maluwa ena kuti asamalidwe , kupukuta, kupukuta pamenepo, kenako nkoko, koma ndikadayesa kufa - kotero kuti kunali chifundo, koma kuti Rosa adazindikira ndikubwerera. Zachidziwikire mwina zinali choncho, durose, imodzi pamtundu wopanda kanthu, komwe tili ndi mphutsi, kudya masamba, tengani mtundu wina? Ndimvetsetsa tsopano, ndizabwino bwanji? IN. Talingalirani, kumvekera, ndipo ali wokongola mu mpangomo ndipo zonse zidzakhululukidwa, panjira. Olembedwa shuwnal.
Miguel Cervante "Don Quixoter"
Spaniard adatenga, adakhala pansi ndikulemba chimbudzi chophunzitsidwa ku ma genight. Wosenzedwa mu mchira ndi muminyo, ndipo bwino kwambiri. Mukudziwa chifukwa chake timavala bukuli, monga kwambiri? Chifukwa timanyalanyaza cholinga cha wolemba, mwa njira, momveka bwino, ndipo, monganso nthawi zambiri, timawona zomwe tikufuna kuwona. Monga mu "ngwazi ya nthawi yathu," tikufuna kuona mosasangalala, osamveka, ovutika, ndipo kufunitsitsa kwathu kudya mat kihota kwa anthu okalamba, koma okalamba a nkhalamba kwambiri. Knight yoona, yopindika imasemphana ndi zonse (makamaka kuvutika ndi kusokonezeka kosiyanasiyana). Ngakhale kuti "idiot" ya dostoevsky imakhala yochulukirapo yokhudza ngodi yachikulu, ndipo kumeneko sanyalanyaza chilichonse chomwe samayenda limodzi. EH, ife.