Pakati pa zoiwalika ndi mizinda yotayika, Mangazea amakhala malo apadera, osati kokha chifukwa zili mu gygne. Ngati mbiri ya chilengedwe ndi kunyamula mwachangu kwa mangazeza ndikomveka bwino komanso momveka bwino, chinsinsi china chimalumikizidwa ndi kugwa kwake ndikuwonongeka, komwe akatswiri ofufuza komanso akatswiri ofukula zakale akuyesera kuthetsa.
M'mphepete mwa mafunde m'chipululu
M'mphepete mwa mtsinje wa Siberia ndipo lero silingatchulidwe zabwino - malo omwe siali okwanira, ndipo chilengedwe chikuchititsa manyazi. Ndipo mu zaka za XVI, Pomra atawonekera pano, m'derali ndipo adadziwika kuti ali m'mphepete mwa dziko lapansi. M'mabuku akale, mafuko akale akum'mawa kwa owa amatchedwa "ma molel": mawu awa amachokera ku chilankhulo cha Komi-Zyrmuan ndikutanthauza "anthu akunja". Popita nthawi, dzina la mafuko linasandulika dzina la mtunda: pamapu ojambulidwa ndi Chingerezi A. Jenkins, akuwonetsedwa ngati "Mirgomosis". Pambuyo pake mu mawonekedwe a "Mangazea" idakhala dzina la mzindawu.
Pomrorroes m'malo awa atsogolera kutumiza: poyamba adapita ku Yamal munyanja, kenako ndikukoka zombo zawo ndi Peninsula (izi zidatchedwa kuti "yasal nkhanf. Amakhulupirira kuti anali a Pomas nthawi yachisanu yozizira pamtsinje wa Taz adakhazikitsidwa. Anauzanso maulamuliro a ku Moscow onena za chuma cha kudera lankhanza la Polar.
Ndipo chuma chinali chachikulu: walrus fangs, nyemba, ndipo, koposa zonse, ubweya. Khungu limodzi lowawa, wogulidwa kuchokera kwa osaka m'mphepete mwa pelvis, kuwerengetsa wamalonda mu 40 kopecks; Ngati kuonako kunachitika mu bizinesi, kumayenera kulipira ruble kwa siketi yotere. Ndipo m'misika ya Western Europe chifukwa chobisika chimatha kupezeka pafupifupi ma ruble mazana atatu! Ndizosadabwitsa kuti boma lasabata lasakhalitsa liyenera kukakamiza zinyalala zake zamphamvu ku chuma chambiri ichi ndikuyang'anira.
"Kudya" Mangasey
Pa cholinga chake - m'mphepete mwa pelvis - informent ya M. Shakhovsky ndi D. Creupinov amayenera kuti azikhala ndi nkhondo zawo: adawaukira asitikali okondedwa. Pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a msirikali adagwera pankhondo, atagona pansi ozizira a m'mphepete mwa wina. Koma kunalibe chisankho: Sanapite kutchula, ndi mwa dongosolo la Mfumu Boris imulungu. Kupulumuka kunkhondo kunafikiridwa ndikuyika 1600. istrorf pa tchuthi chopanda zida. Chifukwa chake mangazee adawonekera.
Anatopa kwambiri, ndipo mtengo unachokera ku Tobolk ndi Berezov - mazana awiri amatsogozedwa ndi voivod ndi voivods. Zinadziwika kuti: Kukhala mzinda watsopano. Ndipo zowonadi, mangazews oyambitsidwa ndi liwiro lodabwitsa: Zaka zingapo, duwa lalikulu la Kremlin, matchalitchi ndi nyumba zinaonekera. Ngakhale ngakhale munthawi ya Heiday, anthu okhazikika a mangazea sanali wamkulu kwambiri - anthu opitilira 1,200, mzindawu udagundidwa. Anthu okhala ku Mamangads adadzala mu silika ndi velvet, misewu idapangidwa ndi matabwa, ndipo mazenera a nyumba yosauka kwambiri anali malovu - ku European gawo lokhalo la Russia lokhalo. Koma, mwina, umboni wodabwitsa kwambiri wa chuma cha mzindawu ndi ofukula zinthu zakale zamafudwe a maula ndi mafupa a nthuteli: m'zaka 17 zapitazo. Mamangaitsersetogli kugula nthawi zonse mu nthenda yatsopano yazipatso.
Ngakhale mphamvu zolimba kuposa chuma, Mamangae adadabwa ndi gulu lamphamvu. Pafupi ndi Selkups ndi Nenera ku Maluts, ogulitsa Orgen adathamangitsidwa pamawu ndi nthenga, ndipo moscow "adatsagana" adasakanikirana ndi Mlandu wa Mkulu'kulu. Masana ndi usiku, mumzinda wa malonda a ubweya, yomwe idabweretsa phindu lalikulu. Olemba mbiri yakale akuti chaka chatha ku Mangazei kumadzulo, anthu 30,000 okhawokha amatola zikopa zikuluzikulu zija, ndipo panali nyimbo, ndi agologolo, ndi agologolo a ubweya. Kwa chuma komanso kuchita zachiwawa, mangawa yotchedwa "ZTTTUKULA".
Chinsinsi cha kutha kwa Mangozia
Chitetezo cha malonda, chomwe chimatembenuza mpeni ya mzinda wa mzindawu, kunyamula nthawi yayitali - pafupifupi zaka makumi anayi. Kwanthawi yayitali, Mangazeus amavala zomvetsa chisoni ngati kunja, koma mu 1672 gulu lankhondo lidasamutsidwira ku Yensei. Ndipo mzindawo unasowa, unapita kumalo oundana. Zongothokoza chifukwa cha zoyesayesa za akatswiri ofukula zakale omwe adayamba zofukula zakale mu 1960s, tikudziwa kuti Mangazeus si nthano chabe, koma mzinda weniweni. Koma chingachitike ndi chiyani kwa iye? Kodi nchifukwa ninji kuchuluka kwa anthu, kuweruzidwa ndi zotsatira za kufukutira, kungosiyidwa pamenepo?
Olemba mbiri yakale akakankha mitundu itatu ya kugwa kwa mangazesy. Malinga ndi woyamba, gawo lopha thupi lidaseweredwa kwambiri, lomwe linakhazikitsa mzindawu: Choyamba, Mfumu Mikhail Romanov mu 1720 Oletsa Kusambira Ku Manga ku Mangazea, ndipo kenako, mu 1729, Ofika awiri atsopano, A. Malkitsyn ndi G. Kokorev, adaseka ndikukonzekera munkhondo yapachiweniweni. Mzindawu unayamba ku Khrisimasi ndipo pang'onopang'ono Ugas. Mtundu wina wa rinit mu kufa kwa moto wa mangazi ndi 1642, adawononga kwambiri mzindawu. Ndipo malinga ndi mtundu wachitatu, kuwonongeka pang'onopang'ono kwa chilombo kunali kuchepa kwakukulu kwa ubweya wa ubweya chifukwa chosaka kwambiri: palibe chogulitsa - palibe chochita malonda.
Monga momwe zinaliri pa nkhawa, sitikudziwa, ndipo sizokayikitsa kuti akatswiri ofukula za m'mabwinja adzayankha molondola. Mwachidziwikire imodzi: Mangazea ndi m'modzi mwa woyamba padziko lapansi m'mizinda ya Polar, ndipo ngakhale adalephera kuchita nthawi yayitali, maziko ake akhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakukula kwachilengedwe ku Siberia.
Ndikofunika kunena kuti Russia ndi yodabwitsa komanso yolemetsa pokopa dzikolo. Zithunzi 28 izi za zinthu zachilengedwe zapadera ndikuziwona, mwinanso.