Chikondi chikhoza kukhala chimodzi mwazinthu zosangalatsa kwambiri komanso zosintha ndi zosintha za zomwe munthu angamve. Izi zimasintha aliyense mkati ndi kunja, pamlingo uliwonse. Wina akayamba kukondana, machitidwe ake amasintha kwambiri.
Komabe, kumverera kumeneku nthawi zambiri kumapitirira, ndipo kenako umasiya munthu "wodekha komanso woyipa kwambiri pamene kutuluka kwa mtima kukhazikika. Mwakutero, munthu amabwerera ku moyo wake, pomwe anali asanayambe kukondana.Chifukwa chake, ndi sayansi yamakono iti yomwe ikunena za chikondi.
1 chikondi
Zonse zimayamba ndi choyambirira chomwe chimasandulika lawi lamoto kwambiri - ndipo izi zimatchedwa chikondi. M'malo mwake, ndikuyenda kwa ma neurotranshenis, omwe, mwachiwonekere, "kukhala" ubongo ndikukakamiza anthu kuti agone mpaka usiku, akuganizirana wina ndi mnzake maola 24 patsiku. Chochititsa chidwi ndichakuti, monga momwe limaganiziridwa, ndi anthu ena okha omwe angayambitsenso munthu winanso mwa munthu wina, chifukwa chakuti "pali china chachilendo komanso choyenera kwa iwo." A John Brestman akufufuza mu ntchito yake "mfundo zake" mfundo zake "zomwe anthu ayenera kumva fungo labwino ndikumverera" kumanja (komanso molondola) kuti ayambitse mayendedwe a ma neurotransvister mu ubongo wawo. Mwanjira ina, si aliyense amene angapangitse izi, ndipo izi zimafunikira zina mwa munthu. M'malo mwake, asayansi pano sadziwa chomwe chilipo, koma chimadziwika kuti pali zifukwa zokondana.
2 phenethylamine
Fenethylamine, omwe amatchedwanso Pea, ndi mankhwala omwe amapezeka mwachilengedwe ndipo amapangidwa mu ubongo wa munthu. Fenethylamine hydrochloride, kapena phenethilamin HCL, amagulitsidwa bwino m'maiko ambiri. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti kwenikweni ndi cholimbikitsa chamanjenje, kotero ngati wina amaganizapo, pomwe mphamvu zambiri zimatengedwa pakachikondi - yankho ndi losavuta ... Mlingo wa Edzi ". Ma pheromones ndi mankhwala omwe amagawidwa ndi zolengedwa kuti amalimbikitse zomwe zimachitika. Ndi thandizo lawo kuti nyerere zimalumikizirana, ndipo anthu amalumikizana wina ndi mnzake pa zogonana, ngakhale kulankhula mawu. Kuphatikiza kwa mankhwalawa ndi tchuthi champhamvu chomwe chimapangitsa kuwoneka ngati momwe anthu amakhudzidwira ndi munthu wina.3 Dehydroepopyondrrosine
Defuyroepiandronerneone amadziwikanso kuti Dhea ndipo ndi mahomoni ena amphamvu, omwe amatenga nawo mu ubongo, pomwe munthu ayamba kukondana ndi munthu wina. Ndi steroid, ndi mahomoni, omwe mwa iwo okha ndiokha, koma amatha kusinthidwa kukhala mahomoni ena okhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu mthupi. Dhea ndi aphrodisiac yachilengedwe yomwe imawonjezera chikhumbo chogonana. Amagulitsidwa m'malo ambiri ngati zowonjezera zomwe sizikugwiritsa ntchito polemba pazifukwa izi. Dehydroepiandronenosterone "imathandizira" munthu pamiyeso yonse, kuphatikiza chitetezo cha mthupi, chomwe chimathandizira chikondi, komanso kukumbukira, kuthekera kokhazikika.
4 oxytocin
Oxytocin, amodzi mwa mahomoni otchuka kwambiri omwe akukhudzidwa ndi njira yonse yokhudzira modekha, pakadali pano akuphunzitsidwa bwino paubongo wa munthu (kulumikizana kwa mahomoni ndi chidaliro pakati pa anthu). Oxytocin samangofewetsa chithunzi cha kuganiza, kutembenuza munthu mu mawonekedwe okongola kwambiri pakuwala kwa chilengedwe. Amapangidwanso panthawi yapakati ndipo amafewetsa khungu. Oxytocin amasintha lingaliro la anthu ena, ndikupangitsa kuganiza za anthu ena bwinoko, komanso kumathandizanso momwe anthu amasiyanirana ndi omwe sakonda. Oxytocin amayamba kulowa muubongo makamaka panthawi yayitali panthawi yogonana, yomwe imathandizira kukhazikitsa ubale ndi mnzanu. Izi zimatenga milungu ingapo pambuyo pa chikondi chilichonse komanso zimakhala zamphamvu kwambiri mu maubale atsopano, omwe akubwera.5 estrogen
Estrogen nthawi zambiri si nyumba yomwe imakumbukiridwa mokhudzana ndi kugonana ndi masiku, koma imachita mbali yayikulu kwambiri pazinthu zonse zopangidwa ndi zigawo zomwe zimatulutsa ubale. Estrogen imathandizadi kuti ikhale yofunikira komanso yofunika kwambiri ngati munthu akapeza munthu wokongola. Estrogen imapangidwa ndi onse amuna ndi akazi osiyanasiyana (azimayi ali ndi gawo pamwambapa), kusintha momwe akumvera, omwe amagogomezera gawo lofunikira la mahomoniwa mchikondi ndi kusilira wina.
6 vasopressen
Vasopressenin ndi Hormone wosangalatsa kwambiri, womwe umachita mbali yolumikizira monogamy, kubweretsa abale okonda komanso kupanga mgwirizano wapamtima pakati pawo. Mahomoniwa amagwira kwambiri mwa amuna. Vasopressin, kuphatikiza ndi oxytocin, yolumikizira ubongo, yolankhula kuti muyenera kufota "komanso kuti mukhale ndi munthu m'modzi, womwe ndi chinthu cha chikondi. Phunziro losangalatsa lomwe lidachitika ku Sweden lidawonetsa kuti REMS A RS3 334 Gey, omwe mwanjira inayake amasintha ma rentiptors a Vazoppopresnin, amatha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa kukonda kwake kwa amuna omwe ali ndi gawo lalikulu. Mwamunayo akhoza kukhala ndi makope amodzi kapena awiri a rs3 334 Gene (kapena ayi kuti akhale). Kafukufukuyu adawonetsa kuti iwo omwe ali ndi makope awiri a majini amayesedwa ndi kunyansidwa kwakukulu kwa anogimy ndi "kusuntha." Ayenera kukwatiwa, komanso amakhala ndi kukhulupirika pang'ono kochepa kwambiri kwa okwatirana nawo. Amuna opanda buku limodzi la RS3 334 Gene, m'malo mwake, sankhani ukwati, wokakamizidwa ndi kuthetsa. Amuna omwe anali ndi buku limodzi lokha la gene, ali kwinakwake pakati pa magulu osiyanasiyanawa. Chifukwa chake, kapangidwe ka ma germu ndi kuchuluka kwa mahomoni kungakhudze mwamphamvu njira yachikondi.7 Kukonda
Mankhwala mu ubongo amakhala ogwirizana, ndikupanga mfundo yoti Dr. Helen Fisher, dokotala wa anthropolo, amatcha magawo atatu a chikondi: Kukhumba ndi chikondi. Njira imayamba ndi kusilira, yomwe imadziwika ndi testosterone ndi estrogen m'thupi. Gawo lino limachitika popanda chosowa mnzake, ndipo pafupifupi wina aliyense amayambitsa. Mankhwala amadzaza ndi ubongo ndikupangitsa munthu kufunafuna okwatirana, ndi kuchulukitsa, komanso kuyang'ana wina yemwe angapite pagawo lotsatira. Lingaliro lopeza mnzake wa Amento pafupifupi chilichonse chomwe munthu amachita.
8 Zikopa
Ili ndi gawo ili loti zikhumbo zimayamba kutentha pakati pa anthu awiri. Gawo lokopa ndi pamene chikondi chimayamba kuyang'ana pa munthu m'modzi. Nthawi zambiri, nthawi yomweyo, chikondi chimakhala chikutanganidwa kwambiri, nthawi zonse ndikuganiza za chikondi chake. Mu gawo ili la chikondi, dopamine ndi adrenaline ndikungokunjenjemera "kukukakukula", kupereka chidwi komanso kudzaza mphamvu. Akatswiri amisala samaganizira za zosafunikira izi, monga ambiri amazichita nthawi zambiri. Amatsutsana kuti gawo lino likufunika kuti muchite chikondi. Monga mukudziwa, "chikondi cha kukangana", ndipo munthu wachikondi amawona kukonda kwake komanso wosalakwa, kwakanthawi kwakanthawi. Anthu ambiri amakhalabe okhumudwa zikamadutsa, koma akatswiri amati ndizofunikira kwambiri ngati "cholumikizira" ku gawo lina.9
Chophatikizidwa ndi gawo lotsiriza la chikondi pomwe ubale ndi mnzake amapita ku mulingo wochepa kwambiri. Kutuluka kwa Dopamine ndi adrenaline mitambo, ndipo oxytocin amabwera m'malo mwake, ndi vasopresten, "maholotous mahomoni", omwe amapereka chizindikiro chakuti nthawi yakwana yoti ikhale ndi ana. Ndizosangalatsa kudziwa kuti m'mitundu ina ya nyama, gawo ili limadziwika kuti "kuteteza gawo la", lomwe mwa lingafanane ndi "ntchito ya banja" ndi awiri. Mwanjira ina, kuphatikiza kumapezeka nthawi zonse m'moyo wa anthu monga mawonekedwe achikondi. Ali mwana, mwana amamangidwa kwa abale ndi abwenzi. Izi, zikuchitika, kusintha kwa moyo wake wonse, anthu osiyanasiyana akapezekamo, omwe pamapeto pake amathetsa mtima wokondedwa. Ndiye kuphatikiza kwa ana kumawonekera.
Psychoanalyt Sfereud Freud adalongosola za mtima mchikondi, pogwiritsa ntchito zomwe anthu amakonda komanso zomwe amasamala zikukula. Kukhazikika ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri chikondi chachikondi, chomwe chimalimbikitsanso kulumikizana kwa anthu, ngakhale kumachitika mosadziwa. Pakadali pano, anthu amasinthana ndi zomwe amakhulupirira, zikhulupiliro, malingaliro, zochita, ulemu komanso zambiri. Ili ndi gawo ili kuti kukonda munthu kumakhalabe mwamphamvu kwambiri kotero kuti ngakhale zinthu zazing'ono zokoma kwambiri zikuwoneka kuti ndizopindulitsa. Zaka za zana la XIX Phisosopher Roodrich Neetrizshe adanena kuti zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu akhale wofunika kwambiri, ndipo ngati sayenera kuzigwiritsa ntchito poyendetsa malingaliro pamoyo, ndipo amapezeka mwa munthu. Zowona, pogwiritsa ntchito mkati mwa njira, anthu awiri amapanga mawonekedwe amodzi a malingaliro, malingaliro, zokhumba, ziyembekezo, ziyembekezo, zomwe zimapangitsa moyo wamtsogolo.