A zahiri, tsawon lokacin tarihin ɗan adam wani abu ne mai kama da kokarin dindindin da ya dace da duk sababbin cututtuka, galibi suna sa barazanar wanzuwar mutane a matsayin jinsi. Duk lokacin da kuka zo da sabuwar hanya don magance cututtuka daban-daban, canjin patogens da girgiza kai, zama mafi kyau dacewa ga sabon "makami" a kansu. Don haka yana faruwa tsawon dubban shekaru. Ka tuna goma manyan annoba goma a cikin tarihin ɗan adam, wanda ya yi barazanar ko'ina.
1. Chiphistoric Chuma
An yi imanin cewa annoba mai girma, wanda ya faru kusan shekaru 100,000 da suka gabata, yayin lokacin kalamai na kalami, musamman, 'Twinking "kusan dukkanin matasa matasa. Masana kimiyya sun yi imanin cewa wannan cutar ta rage yawan jama'ar Afirka da ƙasa da mutane 10,000. Masu binciken sun isa wannan kammala, suna nuna takamaiman halittun halittun guda biyu wadanda suke yin birai kasa da saukin kamuwa da wasu cututtuka masu kyau. Mutane suna da wata ƙungiya sun ɓace, ɗayan kuma yanzu baya aiki. Bayan karshen Homo sapiens pandic ya fara bunkasa kuma ya zauna da sauri, kuma canjin kwayoyin zai iya taimakawa a cikin wannan, ya saukar da saukin kamuwar su.2. Sweden
Kwanan nan, an samo jikkunan da aka samu a cikin kogunan Sweden a cikin kogunan Sweden, da kuma masana sananniyar cutar ta annoba (ƙwayoyin cuta na Yersuia), wanda ya lalata yawancin nazarin Turai a wurare da yawa. An yi imanin cewa wannan barkewar annobar ta faranta da zuciya kafin sanannun masana kimiyya na tarihi. Ganowar ƙwayoyin cuta akan jikin mutane 5000 da suka gabata a Sweden yana ba da wannan sananniyar muhawara masu nauyi. Kafin wannan, farkon sanannen taro Y. Cestis shi ne Justinanova Justinianova, wanda ya sa Masarautar Byzantine a kan kere mutane kusan 25, kashe mutane sama da miliyan 25.
Hakanan, masana kimiya sun san cewa kusan shekaru 5,000-6000 da suka wuce, ana rage yawan dalilai sosai. Masu binciken yanzu sun fara tunanin cewa sun sami m wannan - annoba ta farko "baki". Har yanzu ana kiyaye sashen yau da kullun, saboda haka akwai tambaya mai ma'ana - don me yasa ba ya lalata sauran karni na Rome, ko kuma cutar da karni na Rome, wanda ya kashe kusan kashi 60 cikin ɗari na yawan Turai. Amsar mai sauki ce - mutane sun daidaita kuma sun saba da gwagwarmaya da mutuwar daban-daban a baya.
3. Athens
Athens sha wahala sosai daga pathogen mai ban mamaki tsakanin 430 zuwa 427 zuwa zamaninmu. M, wanda aka sani da annobar Athenan, ya haifar da shirye-shiryen birni yayin yakin Peloponnesian. An bayyana wannan annoba a cikin cikakken aikin "tarihin Peloponnesian Yakin", wanda ke bayyana cutar fiye da na uku na yawan Athenan Athen a lokacin. Marubucin wannan aikin, fucDide, ya bayyana alamun wannan cuta na wannan cutar mummunar sosai cikakken bayani, musamman tari, amai da rikice-rikice. Masu bincike har yanzu ba su tabbata ba abin da annoba ta kasance ba, amma a cikin mahimman zato da suke siffanta cortex, ƙananan ko wasu cututtuka. Ainihin yanayin pathogen ya kasance asirin, amma tabbas hakika sananne ne cewa ya yi da mummunar lalacewar jama'ar Ahahen. An yi imanin cewa wannan pandemic ya zama ɗaya daga cikin dalilan da suka fadi Girka na gargajiya.4 Place Antonina
Farawa daga 165 AD, da Daular Rome ta girgiza gurbataccen barkewar annoba, wanda ya zama farkon al'amuran milyasa don jihar. A yau, masana kimiyya da yawa sun yi imani da cewa wannan shine pandemic na kananan. Kasance kamar yadda zai yiwu, Bos tabbas girgiza tushe na daular kuma a ƙarshe ya canza hanya na tarihi. Antoba Antonna ta kasance mummunan mummunan aiki cewa ya kashe mutane 2000 a rana, kuma a sakamakon haka, an rage yawan jama'ar Rome da kashi 7 - 10. An ji rauni musamman sojojin Rome, tun lokacin da sojoji suka rayu a cikin sansanonin da ke gaba, kuma suka kamu da juna. Wannan ya shafi ikon soja na Rome kuma a ƙarshe ya ba da gudummawa ga ƙarin faɗuwar daular. Hakanan ya canza yawan yawan jama'a - al'ummomin mutane suka fara rayuwa a kan juna, mafi desspately. Wannan takaice ta hanyar amfanin gona na Jamusawa, wanda aka shigo da shi, kuma a qarshe ya haifar da raguwa mara tushe a cikin Daular Rome. Saboda rashin wadatar albarkatun jiki da tattalin arziƙi, Rome yana cikin mummunan bala'i, da kuma duk godiya ga annobar da ta lalata yawansu.
5 daular byzantine
Kamar yadda a baya tunani, barkewar farko daga cikin Bubonic annoba saka gwiwoyinsa ba shi ne (daular Roma baki (Daular Robin.). Hakanan ana kiranta Justinian Chuma, tun lokacin da yake Sarkin Sarki Jusperor Justininiya I a shekara ta 541 daular daular daular daular, sannan kuma suka rarraba dukkan kasashen Roman a shekara mai zuwa. A wannan lokacin, Justian da gaske fara mayar da Masarautar Roman da kuma cimma nasarar nasara a cikin kamfen na soja a Yammacin cikin Yammacin ya dawo da shahararren Rome. Amma annobiya sanya giciye a kan kokarin sa. Kamar cuta da ta buga a Turai ta ƙarni daga baya, ya faru ta hanyar ciniki, kuma an watsa shi ta hanyar fleas akan berayen. Amma ba ta tsaya ba, iyakance kawai daular Roman Roman. Ba da daɗewa ba annobar ta yi yaduwar gaba kan wasu halaye da yawa, waɗanda suka zauna a Turai bayan rushewar yankin Yammacin Yammacin Roman. A sakamakon haka, ta kashe aƙalla mutane miliyan 25.6 nazarin Turai
Sannan mutuwar baƙar fata ko annoba mai girma ta zo. Ta tashi a kasar Sin a cikin 1334 kuma, kamar Plaga Justinian, yada zuwa Turai kan hanyoyin ciniki. Cutar babu abin da zai iya tsayawa, kuma a cikin 1348 ya lalata Turai, bayan "elblique" ya wuce ta daular Byzantine. Wannan annoba ya yi zalunci kuma wanda a lokacin ya lalace zuwa kashi 60 cikin 100 na duka Turai. Wannan ya canza ci gaba na Turai, saboda ƙasa da ƙasa da ƙasa da mutane kaɗan sun dogara da addu'oi kuma suka fara tunani game da ci gaban kimiyya. Al'adar ta kuma karɓi al'ada mai ƙarfi zuwa ci gaba, kuma a cikin shekaru masu zuwa ana ƙirƙira wani babban ɓangare na babbar hanyar zane na MDIELAL.
7 Amurka.
Daga nan ya bayyana abubuwan da suka faru na cututtuka a Amurka. Opa ta fara bayyana a cikin mazauna Florida, Carolina da Virginia a cikin 1519 kuma sun lalata yawan jama'ar gari bayan an kawo shi zuwa weransans na Turawa na Turawa. A cikin 1633, cutar ta kai massachusetts. Saboda gaskiyar cewa ana iya cire abin da ake kira sababbi da kuma tsofaffin hasken da ba su da rigakafi ga ƙwayoyin Turai, kamar kyanda, annoba da gas. OSAP ne musamman a karkashin sabon haske kuma ya kuma yada zuwa tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka, kusan rushe da azzakari da aztec. A cikin shekaru 100 da yawa (rabin lokacin annabin Justian), ta lalata kashi 9% na yawan mutanen Aztecs, waɗanda aka ragu daga mutane miliyan 17 zuwa miliyan 17 zuwa miliyan 17 zuwa miliyan 17 zuwa miliyan 17 zuwa miliyan 17 zuwa miliyan 17 kawai miliyan 1.3 ne kawai miliyan miliyan 17 zuwa miliyan 17 zuwa miliyan 17. Waɗannan cututtukan sun kashe mutane da yawa waɗanda ke da mutane da yawa da 1900 kawai Amurkawa ke zama da rai. Wannan ya sa americai na americai a cikin mafi munin a tarihin ɗan adam.8 Chuma na zamani
Abin da ake kira annoba ta zamani ta tashi a China kusan 1860, kuma wani mummunan mummunan cuta ne na yau da kullun, wanda za'a iya jin game da litattafan tarihin. Ta rushe a kan Hong Kong a cikin 1894 kuma sun yi tsere na tsawon shekaru 20, tare da rayuwar kusan mutane miliyan goma. Hakanan, pandekic ya bazu zuwa Indiya. Wannan lokacin, masana kimiyya sun yi nasarar nemo dalilin annobar - ya kasance ƙuma da aka canja baya berayen (yawanci akan jiragen ruwa ko fasahar ciniki). A ƙarshe mutane sun koyi su bi da cutar har ma hana barkewar annobar nan gaba.
9 Polalaomyelitis
Haske na goge-cuta yana da muni, kuma a yau har yanzu akwai masu raye da mutane waɗanda suke tuna wannan cutar. Polalaomyelitis shine lalacewa ta hanyar Polyovirus, wanda ke fama da tsarin juyayi na ɗan adam, yana haifar da irin sakamako mai ban tsoro, kuma kashe mutane da yawa. Musamman cutar sun buge yara karkashin shekara biyar. Tashin hankali ya cimma nasarar Amurka a cikin Amurka a 1952, kuma likitocin sun bincika kowane irin hanyar kulawa da cuta. A shekara ta 1933, 5,000 na cutar shan inna ta Polkomytic sun yi rijista a Amurka, kuma ta 1952 wannan ya karu zuwa 59,000, I.e. Na sama da sau goma. A ƙarshe, polalaomyelitis ya sami damar dakatar da lokacin da aka inganta rigakafin guda biyu da aka inganta.
10 kwayar cutar HIV
Da alama cewa kwayar cutar HIV ita ce babbar annoba ta ƙarshe da ta bugi duniyar duniya (a kowane hali, a wannan lokacin). Cutar ta zama tazara a tsakiyar 1980s. Komawa a 1981, cibiyoyin sarrafa cuta a cikin Amurka sun fara buga kayan kuma suna bin kwayar cutar, wanda ke ɗaukar dubban rayuwa. A cikin 1986, CDC ta sanar da cewa a cikin Adan Appari a 1985 aka gano ta da yawan mutane fiye da yadda a cikin shekaru da suka gabata suka karba tare. Ya yi saurin shimfiɗa annoba da sauri, koda a zamanin fasahar dijital tare da rediyo mai yaduwa, talabijin da kwamfyuta. Cutar ta ci gaba da lalata duniya a lokacin 1990s da 2000s. Amma ɗan adam ya yi fama da wannan la'anar da aka tsananta duniya da sauran hanyoyin jiyya, wanda aƙalla zai iya hana cutar. A yau, magunguna da allurai da rigakafin karni na 20 "har yanzu suna cikin ci gaba, kuma an riga an kashe biliyoyin daloli a kai.